The planetary system around HD 190622 (TOI-1054): Measuring the gas content of low-mass planets orbiting F-stars
Journal article, 2023
Context. Giant planets are known to dominate the long-term stability of planetary systems due to their prevailing gravitational interactions, but they are also thought to play an important role in planet formation. Observational constraints improve our understanding of planetary formation processes such as the delivery of volatile-rich planetesimals from beyond the ice line into the inner planetary system. Additional constraints may come from studies of the atmosphere, but almost all such studies of the atmosphere investigate the detection of certain species, and abundances are not routinely quantitatively measured. Aims. Accurate measurements of planetary bulk parameters-that is, mass and density-provide constraints on the inner structure and chemical composition of transiting planets. This information provides insight into properties such as the amounts of volatile species, which in turn can be related to formation and evolution processes. Methods. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) reported a planetary candidate around HD 190622 (TOI-1054), which was subsequently validated and found to merit further characterization with photometric and spectroscopic facilities. The KESPRINT collaboration used data from the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) to independently confirm the planetary candidate, securing its mass, and revealing the presence of an outer giant planet in the system. The CHEOPS consortium invested telescope time in the transiting target in order to reduce the uncertainty on the radius, improving the characterization of the planet. Results. We present the discovery and characterization of the planetary system around HD 190622 (TOI-1054). This system hosts one transiting planet, which is smaller than Neptune (3.087-0.053+0.058REarth, 7.7 ± 1.0 MEarth) but has a similar bulk density (1.43 ± 0.21 g cm-3) and an orbital period of 16 days; and a giant planet, not known to be transiting, with a minimum mass of 227.0 ± 6.7 MEarth in an orbit with a period of 315 days. Conclusions. Our measurements constrain the structure and composition of the transiting planet. HD 190622b has singular properties among the known population of transiting planets, which we discuss in detail. Among the sub-Neptune-sized planets known today, this planet stands out because of its large gas content.
Planetary systems
Planets and satellites: detection
Author
J. Cabrera
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
D. Gandolfi
University of Turin
L. M. Serrano
University of Turin
Szilard Csizmadia
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
J. A. Egger
University of Bern
Ph. Baumeister
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
A. Krenn
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
W. Benz
University of Bern
A. Deline
University of Geneva
H.-G. Florén
Stockholm University
A. Collier Cameron
University of St Andrews
V. Adibekyan
University of Porto
Y. Alibert
University of Bern
Salvatore E. Bellomo
University of Turin
L. Delrez
University of Liège
L. Fossati
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
A. Fortier
University of Bern
S. Grziwa
University of Cologne
S. Hoyer
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
A. Bonfanti
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
S. Salmon
University of Geneva
S.G. Sousa
University of Porto
T.G. Wilson
University of St Andrews
Javier Alarcon
European Southern Observatory Santiago
R. Alonso
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
G. Anglada Escude´
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
T. Bárczy
Admatis
O. Barragán
University of Oxford
D. Barrado
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
S.C.C. Barros
University of Porto
W. Baumjohann
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
M. Beck
University of Geneva
T. Beck
University of Bern
L.M. Bernabò
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
N. Billot
University of Geneva
X. Bonfils
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG)
L. Borsato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. Brandeker
Stockholm University
C. Broeg
University of Bern
O. Carrión-González
Technische Universität Berlin
S. Charnoz
Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
D. R. Ciardi
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
William D. Cochran
The University of Texas at Austin
Karen A. Collins
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Kevin I. Collins
George Mason University
D. Conti
American Association of Variable Star Observers
Melvyn B. Davies
Lund University
H. Deeg
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Deleuil
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
O. Demangeon
University of Porto
B.O. Demory
University of Bern
D. Ehrenreich
University of Geneva
Anders Erikson
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
M. Esposito
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Malcolm Fridlund
Leiden University
Michaël Gillon
University of Liège
E. Goffo
University of Turin
M. Gudel
University of Vienna
E. W. Guenther
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
J. V. Harre
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Kevin Heng
University of Bern
M.J. Hooton
University of Cambridge
K. Isaak
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA ESTEC)
Jon M. Jenkins
NASA Ames Research Center
L. Kiss
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
E. Knudstrup
Aarhus University
K. W.F. Lam
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
J. Laskar
Paris Observatory
A. L. des Etangs
Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
M. Lendl
University of Geneva
C. Lovis
University of Geneva
R. Luque
University of Chicago
D. Magrin
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
P. Maxted
Keele University
Alexandra Muresan
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
Valerio Nascimbeni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
G. Olofsson
Stockholm University
H. P. Osborn
University of Bern
H. L.M. Osborne
University College London (UCL)
R. Ottensamer
University of Vienna
I. Pagano
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Enric Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Carina Persson
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
G. Peter
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Giampaolo P. Piotto
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Don L. Pollacco
The University of Warwick
D. Queloz
University of Cambridge
Roberto Ragazzoni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
N. Rando
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA ESTEC)
H. Rauer
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
S. Redfield
Wesleyan University
I. Ribas
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
George R. Ricker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
F. Rodler
European Southern Observatory Santiago
N. C. Santos
University of Porto
Gaetano Scandariato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
S. Seager
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
D. Segransan
University of Geneva
A.E. Simon
University of Bern
A. M.S. Smith
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Manfred B. Steller
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
G.M. Szabó
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
Nicolas Thomas
University of Bern
N. Tosi
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
J. D. Twicken
NASA Ames Research Center
S. Udry
University of Geneva
Vincent Van Eylen
University College London (UCL)
V. Van Grootel
University of Liège
N. A. Walton
University of Cambridge
J. N. Winn
Princeton University
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 675 A183Subject Categories
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Other Physics Topics
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202245774