Broadband multi-wavelength properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT campaign including a very high energy flaring episode

Kenji Toma; Mislav Baloković; S. Chandra; W.-Y. Cheong; Yuzhu Cui; F. D'Ammando; A.D. Falcone; N.M. Ford; M. Giroletti; C. Goddi; M. Gurwell; K. Hada; Daryl Haggard; S.G. Jorstad; A. Kaur; T. Kawashima; S. Kerby; S.G. Jorstad; R. Karuppusamy; E.V. Kravchenko; Sang Sung Lee; R.S. Lu; S. Markoff; J. Michail; Joseph Neilsen; Michael A. Nowak; G. Principe; Venkatessh Ramakrishnan; Bart Ripperda; Mahito Sasada; S.S. Savchenko; C. Sheridan; Kazunori Akiyama; Antxon Alberdi; Walter Alef; Richard Anantua; K. Asada; R. Azulay; U. Bach; A. K. Baczko; David Ball; Bidisha Bandyopadhyay; John Barrett; M. Bauböck; Bradford A. Benson; Dan Bintley; M. Bauböck; R. Blundell; K. L. Bouman; G. C. Bower; Hope Boyce; M. Bremer; Roger Brissenden; Silke Britzen; Avery E. Broderick; D. Broguière; Thomas Bronzwaer; Sandra Bustamente; J. E. Carlstrom; A. Chael; Chi Kwan Chan; Dominic O. Chang; Koushik Chatterjee; S. Chatterjee; Ming Tang Chen; Y. Chen; X. P. Cheng; I. Cho; Christian M. Fromm; Nicholas S. Conroy; John Conway; Thomas M. Crawford; G. Crew; Alejandro Cruz-Osorio; Rohan Dahale; Jordy Davelaar; Mariafelicia De Laurentis; R. P. Deane; Jessica Dempsey; Gregory Desvignes; Jason Dexter; Vedant Dhruv; Indu K. Dihingia; S. Doeleman; Sergio A. Dzib; Ralph P. Eatough; Razieh Emami; H.D. Falcke; Joseph R. Farah; V. Fish; E. Fomalont; H.D. Falcke; Marianna Foschi; R. Fraga-Encinas; William T. Freeman; P. Friberg; Christian M. Fromm; Antonio Fuentes; Peter Galison; Charles F. Gammie; Roberto Garcia; Olivier Gentaz; Boris Georgiev; R. Gold; Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz; J. L. Gomez; Minfeng Gu; R. Hesper; Dirk Heumann; Luis C. Ho; P. T. P. Ho; Mareki Honma; Chih Wei L. Huang; Lei Huang; D. Hughes; Shiro Ikeda; C. M. V. Impellizzeri; Makoto Inoue; S. Issaoun; David J. James; Buell T. Jannuzi; Michael Janssen; Britton Jeter; Wu Jiang; Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales; Michael D. Johnson; Adam C. Jones; Abhishek V. Joshi; Taehyun Jung; R. Karuppusamy; G. Keating; M. M. Kettenis; Dong-Jin Kim; Jongsoo Kim; Junhan Kim; Jun Yi Koay; Prashant Kocherlakota; Yutaro Kofuji; Patrick M. Koch; Shoko Koyama; C. Kramer; Joana A. Kramer; M. Kramer; T.P. Krichbaum; Cheng Yu Kuo; Michael Lindqvist; Aviad Levis; Zhiyuan Li; R. Lico; Greg Lindahl; Michael Lindqvist; Mikhail Lisakov; Jun Liu; Kuo Liu; Elisabetta Liuzzo; Wen-Ping Lo; A. P. Lobanov; L. Loinard; Colin Lonsdale; Amy E. Lowitz; N. R. Macdonald; Jirong Mao; Nicola Marchili; D. P. Marrone; A. Marscher; Ivan Marti-Vidal; S. Matsushita; Lynn D. Matthews; Lia Medeiros; K. Menten; Izumi Mizuno; Yosuke Mizuno; Joshua Montgomery; James M. Moran; Kotaro Moriyama; M. Mościbrodzka; Wanga Mulaudzi; C. Müller; Hendrik Müller; A. Mus; Gibwa Musoke; I. Myserlis; H. Nagai; N. M. Nagar; Dhanya G. Nair; Masanori Nakamura; Gopal Narayanan; Iniyan Natarajan; Antonios Nathanail; S. Navarro Fuentes; Chunchong Ni; Junghwan Oh; Hiroki Okino; Héctor Olivares; Tomoaki Oyama; Feryal Özel; Daniel C.M. Palumbo; Georgios Filippos Paraschos; Jongho Park; Harriet Parsons; N. Patel; U. L. Pen; Dominic W. Pesce; Vincent Piétu; Aleksandar PopStefanija; Oliver Porth; Ben Prather; Dimitrios Psaltis; Hung-Yi Pu; R. Rao; M.G. Rawlings; Alexander W. Raymond; Luciano Rezzolla; Angelo Ricarte; F. Roelofs; C. Romero-Cañizales; Eduardo Ros; Arash Roshanineshat; H. Rottmann; A. Roy; Ignacio Ruiz; C. Ruszczyk; Kazi L.J. Rygl; Héctor Olivares; David Sánchez-Arguelles; M. Sánchez Portal; Kaushik Satapathy; T. Savolainen; F. P. Schloerb; Jonathan Schonfeld; K. Schuster; Lijing Shao; Zhi Qiang Shen; Des Small; B. W. Sohn; J. SooHoo; León David Sosapanta Salas; Kamal Souccar; Joshua S. Stanway; He Sun; Fumie Tazaki; Alexandra J. Tetarenko; Paul Tiede; R. P. J. Tilanus; M. Titus; Kenji Toma; Pablo Torne; Teresa Toscano; E. Traianou; Tyler Trent; S. Trippe; Matthew Turk; I. van Bemmel; H. J. van Langevelde; Daniel R. van Rossum; Jesse Vos; J. Wagner; D. Ward-Thompson; John Wardle; Jasmin E. Washington; J. Weintroub; Robert Wharton; M. Wielgus; K. Wiik; Gunther Witzel; Michael F. Wondrak; George N. Wong; Qingwen Wu; Nitika Yadlapalli; Paul Yamaguchi; Aristomenis Yfantis; Doosoo Yoon; A. Young; Ziri Younsi; Wei Yu; Ye-Fei Yuan; Ye-Fei Yuan; A.J. Zensus; Shuo Zhang; G. Y. Zhao; Shan-Shan Zhao; R. Bellazzini; B. Berenji; E. Bissaldi; R.D. Blandford; R. Bonino; P. Bruel; R.A. Cameron; P.A. Caraveo; E. Cavazzuti; C.C. Cheung; S. Ciprini; P. Cristarella Orestano; S. Cutini; N. Di Lalla; A. Dinesh; L. Di Venere; A. Dominguez; S.J. Fegan; A. Franckowiak; Y. Fukazawa; P. Fusco; F. Gargano; C. Gasbarra; S. Germani; M. Giliberti; I.A. Grenier; E. Hays; D. Horan; M. Kuss; S. Larsson; I. Liodakis; F. Longo; F. Loparco; M.N. Lovellette; S. Maldera; M.N. Mazziotta; I. Mereu; P.F. Michelson; N. Mirabal; T. Mizuno; M.E. Monzani; A. Morselli; M. Negro; N. Omodei; E. Orlando; M. Persic; S. Raino; B. Rani; A. Reimer; O. Reimer; M. Sanchez-Conde; P.M. Saz Parkinson; C. Sgro; E.J. Siskind; P. Spinelli; D.J. Suson; H. Tajima; D.F. Torres; G. Zaharijas; F. Aharonian; F. Ait Benkhali; J. Aschersleben; H. Ashkar; M. Backes; V. Barbosa Martins; R. Batzofin; Y. Becherini; D. Berge; M. Böttcher; C. Boisson; J. Bolmont; M. De Bony De Lavergne; J. Borowska; M. Bouyahiaoui; F. Bradascio; R. Brose; A. Brown; B. Bruno; T. Bulik; C. Burger-Scheidlin; S. Casanova; R. Cecil; J. Celic; M. Cerruti; T. Chand; A. Chen; J. Chibueze; O. Chibueze; G. Cotter; J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye; J. Devin; J. Djuvsland; A. Dmytriiev; S. Einecke; J.-P. Ernenwein; K. Feijen; G. Fontaine; S. Funk; S. Gabici; D. Glawion; J.F. Glicenstein; P. Goswami; G. Grolleron; L. Haerer; B. Hes; T.L. Holch; M. Holler; D. Horns; Zhiqiu Huang; M. Jamrozy; F. Jankowsky; I. Jung-Richardt; E. Kasai; K. Katarzynski; R. Khatoon; B. Khélifi; W. Kluźniak; Nu. Komin; K. Kosack; A. Kundu; R.G. Lang; S. Le Stum; F. Leitl; A. Lemiere; M. Lemoine-Goumard; J.-P. Lenain; F. Leuschner; A. Luashvili; J. Mackey; D. Malyshev; G. Martí-Devesa; R. Marx; M. Meyer; A. Mitchell; R. Moderski; M.O. Moghadam; L. Mohrmann; A. Montanari; E. Moulin; M. De Naurois; J. Niemiec; P. O'Brien; S. Ohm; E. De Ona Wilhelmi; M. Ostrowski; S. Panny; M. Panter; U. Pensec; S. Pita; G. Pühlhofer; A. Quirrenbach; S. Ravikularaman; A. Reimer; O. Reimer; B. Reville; John Conway; H. Ren; F. Rieger; G. Roellinghoff; B. Rudak; E. Ruiz-Velasco; K. Sabri; V. Sahakian; H. Salzmann; A. Santangelo; M. Sasaki; J. Schäfer; F. Schussler; H.M. Schutte; J.N.S. Shapopi; A. Sharma; H. Sol; S. Spencer; Ł. Stawarz; C. Steppa; K. Streil; H. Suzuki; T. Takahashi; T. Tanaka; A.M. Taylor; R. Terrier; M. Tluczykont; M. Tsirou; C. Van Eldik; M. Vecchi; T. Wach; S.J. Wagner; A. Wierzcholska; M. Zacharias; A.A. Zdziarski; A. Zech; N. Żywucka; S. Abe; J. Abhir; A. Abhishek; V.A. Acciari; A. Aguasca-Cabot; I. Agudo; T. Aniello; S. Ansoldi; L.A. Antonelli; A. Arbet Engels; C. Arcaro; M. Artero; K. Asano; A. Babic; U. Barres De Almeida; J.A. Barrio; I. Batkovic; A. Bautista; J. Baxter; J. Becerra González; W. Bednarek; E. Bernardini; J. Bernete; A. Berti; J. Besenrieder; C. Bigongiari; A. Biland; O. Blanch; G. Bonnoli; Ž. Bošnjak; E. Bronzini; I. Burelli; G. Busetto; A. Campoy-Ordaz; A. Carosi; R. Carosi; M. Carretero-Castrillo; A.J. Castro-Tirado; D. Cerasole; G. Ceribella; Y. Chai; A. Cifuentes; E. Colombo; J.L. Contreras; J. Cortina; S. Covino; G. D'Amico; V. D'Elia; P. Da Vela; F. Dazzi; A. De Angelis; B. De Lotto; R. De Menezes; M. Delfino; J. Delgado; C. Delgado Mendez; F. Di Pierro; R. Di Tria; L. Di Venere; D. Dominis Prester; A. Donini; D. Dorner; M. Doro; D. Elsaesser; J. Escudero; L. Fariña; A. Fattorini; L. Foffano; L. Font; S. Fröse; S. Fukami; Y. Fukazawa; R. García López; M. Garczarczyk; S. Gasparyan; M. Gaug; J.G. Giesbrecht Paiva; N. Giglietto; F. Giordano; P. Gliwny; N. Godinović; T. Gradetzke; R. Grau; D. Green; J.G. Green; P. Günther; D. Hadasch; A. Hahn; T. Hassan; L. Heckmann; J. Herrera Llorente; D. Hrupec; R. Imazawa; K. Ishio; I. Jiménez Martínez; J. Jormanainen; T. Kayanoki; D. Kerszberg; G.W. Kluge; Y. Kobayashi; P.M. Kouch; H. Kubo; J. Kushida; M. Láinez; A. Lamastra; F. Leone; E. Lindfors; S. Lombardi; R. López-Coto; M. López-Moya; A. López-Oramas; S. Loporchio; A. Lorini; E. Lyard; B. Machado De Oliveira Fraga; P. Majumdar; M. Makariev; G. Maneva; M. Manganaro; S. Mangano; K. Mannheim; M. Mariotti; M. Martínez; M. Martínez-Chicharro; A. Mas-Aguilar; D. Mazin; S. Menchiari; S. Mender; D. Miceli; T. Miener; J.M. Miranda; R. Mirzoyan; M. Molero González; E. Molina; H.A. Mondal; A. Moralejo; D. Morcuende; T. Nakamori; C. Nanci; V. Neustroev; L. Nickel; M. Nievas Rosillo; C. Nigro; L. Nikolić; K. Nilsson; K. Nishijima; T. Njoh Ekoume; K. Noda; S. Nozaki; Y. Ohtani; A. Okumura; J. Otero-Santos; S. Paiano; D. Paneque; R. Paoletti; J.M. Paredes; M. Peresano; M. Persic; M. Pihet; G. Pirola; F. Podobnik; P. G. P. Moroni; E. Prandini; C. Priyadarshi; M. Ribó; J. Rico; C. Righi; N. Sahakyan; T. Saito; F.G. Saturni; K. Schmidt; F. Schmuckermaier; J.L. Schubert; T. Schweizer; A. Sciaccaluga; G. Silvestri; J. Sitarek; V. Sliusar; D. Sobczynska; A. Spolon; A. Stamerra; J. Strišković; D. Strom; M. Strzys; Y. Suda; S. Suutarinen; H. Tajima; M. Takahashi; F. Tavecchio; F. Tavecchio; P. Temnikov; K. Terauchi; T. Terzić; M. Teshima; S. Truzzi; A. Tutone; S. Ubach; J. Van Scherpenberg; M. Vazquez Acosta; S. Ventura; G. Verna; I. Viale; C.F. Vigorito; V. Vitale; I. Vovk; R. Walter; M. Will; C. Wunderlich; T. Yamamoto; A. Acharyya; C.B. Adams; P. Bangale; J.T. Bartkoske; W. Benbow; J.L. Christiansen; A. Duerr; M. Errando; Q. Feng; J. Foote; L. Fortson; A. Furniss; W. Hanlon; O. Hervet; C.E. Hinrichs; J. Holder; T.B. Humensky; W. Jin; M.N. Johnson; P. Kaaret; M. Kertzman; D. Kieda; T.K. Kleiner; N. Korzoun; F. Krennrich; S. Kumar; M.J. Lang; M. Lundy; G. Maier; C.E. McGrath; M.J. Millard; C.L. Mooney; P. Moriarty; R. Mukherjee; W. Ning; S. O'Brien; Kuo Liu; M. Pohl; E. Pueschel; J. Quinn; K. Ragan; P.T. Reynolds; D. Ribeiro; E. Roache; J.L. Ryan; I. Sadeh; L. Saha; M. Santander; G.H. Sembroski; R. Shang; M. Splettstoesser; A.K. Talluri; J.V. Tucci; J. Valverde; V.V. Vassiliev; D.A. Williams; S.L. Wong; Z. Chen; Lang Cui; Tomoya Hirota; M. Kramer; G. Li; Jun Liu; Xiang Liu; Z. Liu; J. Ma; Kotaro Niinuma; Hyunwook Ro; Nobuyuki Sakai; Satoko Sawada-Satoh; Kiyoaki Wajima; J. Wang; N. Wang; B. Xia; H. Yan; Y. Yonekura; H. Zhang; R. Zhao; Weiye Zhong

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450497

Broadband multi-wavelength properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT campaign including a very high energy flaring episode
Journal article, 2024

Context. The nearby elliptical galaxy M87 contains one of only two supermassive black holes whose emission surrounding the event horizon has been imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). In 2018, more than two dozen multi-wavelength (MWL) facilities (from radio to γ-ray energies) took part in the second M87 EHT campaign. Aims. The goal of this extensive MWL campaign was to better understand the physics of the accreting black hole M87∗, the relationship between the inflow and inner jets, and the high-energy particle acceleration. Understanding the complex astrophysics is also a necessary first step towards performing further tests of general relativity. Methods. The MWL campaign took place in April 2018, overlapping with the EHT M87∗ observations. We present a new, contemporaneous spectral energy distribution (SED) ranging from radio to very high-energy (VHE) γ-rays as well as details of the individual observations and light curves. We also conducted phenomenological modelling to investigate the basic source properties. Results. We present the first VHE γ-ray flare from M87 detected since 2010. The flux above 350 GeV more than doubled within a period of ≈36 hours.We find that the X-ray flux is enhanced by about a factor of two compared to 2017, while the radio and millimetre core fluxes are consistent between 2017 and 2018. We detect evidence for a monotonically increasing jet position angle that corresponds to variations in the bright spot of the EHT image. Conclusions. Our results show the value of continued MWL monitoring together with precision imaging for addressing the origins of high-energy particle acceleration. While we cannot currently pinpoint the precise location where such acceleration takes place, the new VHE γ-ray flare already presents a challenge to simple one-zone leptonic emission model approaches, and it emphasises the need for combined image and spectral modelling.

galaxies: jets

galaxies: active

galaxies: nuclei

galaxies: individual: M87

Author

Kenji Toma

University of Malaya

Mislav Baloković

Yale University

S. Chandra

North-West University

W.-Y. Cheong

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

Yuzhu Cui

Zhejiang Lab

F. D'Ammando

Istituto di Radioastronomia

A.D. Falcone

Pennsylvania State University

N.M. Ford

McGill University

M. Giroletti

Istituto di Radioastronomia

C. Goddi

Radboud University

M. Gurwell

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

K. Hada

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Daryl Haggard

McGill University

S.G. Jorstad

Boston University

A. Kaur

Pennsylvania State University

T. Kawashima

University of Tokyo

S. Kerby

Pennsylvania State University

S.G. Jorstad

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

R. Karuppusamy

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

E.V. Kravchenko

Istituto di Radioastronomia

Sang Sung Lee

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

R.S. Lu

Max Planck Society

S. Markoff

Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy

J. Michail

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Joseph Neilsen

Villanova University

Michael A. Nowak

Washington University in St. Louis

G. Principe

Istituto di Radioastronomia

Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

University of Turku

Bart Ripperda

Flatiron Institute

Mahito Sasada

Hiroshima University

S.S. Savchenko

Saint Petersburg State University - Spsu

C. Sheridan

Villanova University

Kazunori Akiyama

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Antxon Alberdi

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Walter Alef

Max Planck Society

Richard Anantua

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

K. Asada

Academia Sinica

R. Azulay

Max Planck Society

U. Bach

Max Planck Society

A. K. Baczko

Max Planck Society

David Ball

University of Arizona

Bidisha Bandyopadhyay

University of Concepcion

John Barrett

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

M. Bauböck

The Grainger College of Engineering

Bradford A. Benson

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

Dan Bintley

East Asian Observatory

M. Bauböck

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

R. Blundell

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

K. L. Bouman

California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

G. C. Bower

Academia Sinica

Hope Boyce

McGill University

M. Bremer

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Roger Brissenden

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Silke Britzen

Max Planck Society

Avery E. Broderick

Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics

D. Broguière

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Thomas Bronzwaer

Radboud University

Sandra Bustamente

University of Massachusetts

J. E. Carlstrom

University of Chicago

A. Chael

Princeton University

Chi Kwan Chan

University of Arizona

Dominic O. Chang

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Koushik Chatterjee

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

S. Chatterjee

Cornell University

Ming Tang Chen

Academia Sinica

Y. Chen

Chinese Academy of Sciences

X. P. Cheng

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

I. Cho

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

Christian M. Fromm

Fairfield University

Nicholas S. Conroy

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

John Conway

Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Onsala Space Observatory

Other publications Research

Thomas M. Crawford

University of Chicago

G. Crew

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Alejandro Cruz-Osorio

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Rohan Dahale

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Jordy Davelaar

Radboud University

Mariafelicia De Laurentis

University of Naples Federico II

R. P. Deane

University of Witwatersrand

Jessica Dempsey

East Asian Observatory

Gregory Desvignes

Max Planck Society

Jason Dexter

JILA

Vedant Dhruv

The Grainger College of Engineering

Indu K. Dihingia

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

S. Doeleman

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Sergio A. Dzib

Max Planck Society

Ralph P. Eatough

Max Planck Society

Razieh Emami

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

H.D. Falcke

Radboud University

Joseph R. Farah

Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network

V. Fish

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

E. Fomalont

National Radio Astronomy Observatory

H.D. Falcke

University of Arizona

Marianna Foschi

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

R. Fraga-Encinas

Radboud University

William T. Freeman

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

P. Friberg

East Asian Observatory

Christian M. Fromm

Max Planck Society

Antonio Fuentes

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Peter Galison

Harvard University

Charles F. Gammie

The Grainger College of Engineering

Roberto Garcia

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Olivier Gentaz

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Boris Georgiev

University of Arizona

R. Gold

University of Southern Denmark

Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz

National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics

J. L. Gomez

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Minfeng Gu

Chinese Academy of Sciences

R. Hesper

University of Groningen

Dirk Heumann

University of Arizona

Luis C. Ho

Beijing University of Technology

P. T. P. Ho

Academia Sinica

Mareki Honma

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Chih Wei L. Huang

Academia Sinica

Lei Huang

Chinese Academy of Sciences

D. Hughes

National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics

Shiro Ikeda

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

C. M. V. Impellizzeri

National Radio Astronomy Observatory

Makoto Inoue

Academia Sinica

S. Issaoun

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

David J. James

ASTRAVEO

Buell T. Jannuzi

University of Arizona

Michael Janssen

Radboud University

Britton Jeter

Academia Sinica

Wu Jiang

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales

Radboud University

Michael D. Johnson

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Adam C. Jones

University of Chicago

Abhishek V. Joshi

The Grainger College of Engineering

Taehyun Jung

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

R. Karuppusamy

Max Planck Society

G. Keating

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

M. M. Kettenis

Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)

Dong-Jin Kim

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Jongsoo Kim

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

Junhan Kim

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

Jun Yi Koay

Academia Sinica

Prashant Kocherlakota

Goethe University Frankfurt

Yutaro Kofuji

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Patrick M. Koch

Academia Sinica

Shoko Koyama

Academia Sinica

C. Kramer

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Joana A. Kramer

Max Planck Society

M. Kramer

Max Planck Society

T.P. Krichbaum

Max Planck Society

Cheng Yu Kuo

Academia Sinica

Michael Lindqvist

Radboud University

Other publications Research

Aviad Levis

California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

Zhiyuan Li

Nanjing University

R. Lico

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Greg Lindahl

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Michael Lindqvist

Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Onsala Space Observatory

Other publications Research

Mikhail Lisakov

Max Planck Society

Jun Liu

Max Planck Society

Kuo Liu

Max Planck Society

Elisabetta Liuzzo

Istituto di Radioastronomia

Wen-Ping Lo

Academia Sinica

A. P. Lobanov

Max Planck Society

L. Loinard

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Colin Lonsdale

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Amy E. Lowitz

University of Arizona

N. R. Macdonald

Max Planck Society

Jirong Mao

Yunnan Observatories

Nicola Marchili

Max Planck Society

D. P. Marrone

University of Arizona

A. Marscher

Boston University

Ivan Marti-Vidal

Universitat de Valencia

Other publications Research

S. Matsushita

Academia Sinica

Lynn D. Matthews

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Lia Medeiros

Princeton University

K. Menten

Max Planck Society

Izumi Mizuno

East Asian Observatory

Yosuke Mizuno

Goethe University Frankfurt

Joshua Montgomery

University of Chicago

James M. Moran

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Kotaro Moriyama

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

M. Mościbrodzka

Radboud University

Wanga Mulaudzi

Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy

C. Müller

Radboud University

Hendrik Müller

Max Planck Society

A. Mus

Universitat de Valencia

Gibwa Musoke

Radboud University

I. Myserlis

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

H. Nagai

The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)

N. M. Nagar

University of Concepcion

Dhanya G. Nair

University of Concepcion

Masanori Nakamura

Academia Sinica

Gopal Narayanan

University of Massachusetts

Iniyan Natarajan

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Antonios Nathanail

Goethe University Frankfurt

S. Navarro Fuentes

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Chunchong Ni

Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics

Junghwan Oh

Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)

Hiroki Okino

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Héctor Olivares

Radboud University

Tomoaki Oyama

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Feryal Özel

Georgia Institute of Technology

Daniel C.M. Palumbo

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Georgios Filippos Paraschos

Max Planck Society

Jongho Park

Kyung Hee University

Harriet Parsons

East Asian Observatory

N. Patel

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

U. L. Pen

Academia Sinica

Dominic W. Pesce

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Vincent Piétu

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Aleksandar PopStefanija

University of Massachusetts

Oliver Porth

Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy

Ben Prather

The Grainger College of Engineering

Dimitrios Psaltis

Georgia Institute of Technology

Hung-Yi Pu

Academia Sinica

R. Rao

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

M.G. Rawlings

East Asian Observatory

Alexander W. Raymond

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Luciano Rezzolla

Goethe University Frankfurt

Angelo Ricarte

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

F. Roelofs

Radboud University

C. Romero-Cañizales

Academia Sinica

Eduardo Ros

Max Planck Society

Arash Roshanineshat

University of Arizona

H. Rottmann

Max Planck Society

A. Roy

Max Planck Society

Ignacio Ruiz

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

C. Ruszczyk

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Kazi L.J. Rygl

Istituto di Radioastronomia

Héctor Olivares

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

David Sánchez-Arguelles

National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics

M. Sánchez Portal

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Kaushik Satapathy

University of Arizona

T. Savolainen

Max Planck Society

F. P. Schloerb

University of Massachusetts

Jonathan Schonfeld

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

K. Schuster

Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)

Lijing Shao

Max Planck Society

Zhi Qiang Shen

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Des Small

Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)

B. W. Sohn

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

J. SooHoo

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

León David Sosapanta Salas

Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy

Kamal Souccar

University of Massachusetts

Joshua S. Stanway

University of Central Lancashire

He Sun

Beijing University of Technology

Fumie Tazaki

Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Limited

Alexandra J. Tetarenko

University of Lethbridge

Paul Tiede

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

R. P. J. Tilanus

Radboud University

M. Titus

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Kenji Toma

Tohoku University

Pablo Torne

Max Planck Society

Teresa Toscano

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

E. Traianou

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Tyler Trent

University of Arizona

S. Trippe

Seoul National University

Matthew Turk

University of Illinois

I. van Bemmel

Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)

H. J. van Langevelde

Leiden University

Daniel R. van Rossum

Radboud University

Jesse Vos

Radboud University

J. Wagner

Max Planck Society

D. Ward-Thompson

Brandeis University

John Wardle

Brandeis University

Jasmin E. Washington

University of Arizona

J. Weintroub

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Robert Wharton

Max Planck Society

M. Wielgus

Max Planck Society

K. Wiik

Tuorla Observatory

Gunther Witzel

Max Planck Society

Michael F. Wondrak

Radboud University

George N. Wong

Princeton University

Qingwen Wu

Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Nitika Yadlapalli

California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

Paul Yamaguchi

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Aristomenis Yfantis

Radboud University

Doosoo Yoon

Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy

A. Young

Radboud University

Ziri Younsi

Goethe University Frankfurt

Wei Yu

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Ye-Fei Yuan

Fudan University

Ye-Fei Yuan

University of Science and Technology of China

A.J. Zensus

Max Planck Society

Shuo Zhang

Michigan State University

G. Y. Zhao

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

Shan-Shan Zhao

Chinese Academy of Sciences

R. Bellazzini

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

B. Berenji

The California State University

E. Bissaldi

University of Bari Aldo Moro

R.D. Blandford

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

R. Bonino

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

P. Bruel

École polytechnique

R.A. Cameron

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

P.A. Caraveo

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

E. Cavazzuti

Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

C.C. Cheung

Naval Research Laboratory

S. Ciprini

University of Rome Tor Vergata

P. Cristarella Orestano

University of Perugia

S. Cutini

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

N. Di Lalla

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

A. Dinesh

Complutense University

L. Di Venere

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

A. Dominguez

Complutense University

S.J. Fegan

École polytechnique

A. Franckowiak

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

Y. Fukazawa

Hiroshima University

P. Fusco

University of Bari Aldo Moro

F. Gargano

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

C. Gasbarra

University of Rome Tor Vergata

S. Germani

University of Perugia

M. Giliberti

University of Bari Aldo Moro

I.A. Grenier

University Paris-Saclay

E. Hays

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

D. Horan

École polytechnique

M. Kuss

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

S. Larsson

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

I. Liodakis

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

F. Longo

University of Trieste

F. Loparco

University of Bari Aldo Moro

M.N. Lovellette

Aerospace Corporation, USA

S. Maldera

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

M.N. Mazziotta

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

I. Mereu

University of Perugia

P.F. Michelson

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

N. Mirabal

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

T. Mizuno

Hiroshima University

M.E. Monzani

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

A. Morselli

University of Rome Tor Vergata

M. Negro

Louisiana State University

N. Omodei

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

E. Orlando

University of Trieste

M. Persic

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

S. Raino

University of Bari Aldo Moro

B. Rani

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

A. Reimer

University of Innsbruck

O. Reimer

University of Innsbruck

M. Sanchez-Conde

Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)

P.M. Saz Parkinson

University of California at Santa Cruz

C. Sgro

National Institute for Nuclear Physics

E.J. Siskind

NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc.

P. Spinelli

University of Bari Aldo Moro

D.J. Suson

Purdue University

H. Tajima

Nagoya University

D.F. Torres

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

G. Zaharijas

University of Nova Gorica

F. Aharonian

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies

F. Ait Benkhali

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

J. Aschersleben

University of Groningen

H. Ashkar

École polytechnique

M. Backes

North-West University

V. Barbosa Martins

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

R. Batzofin

University of Potsdam

Y. Becherini

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

D. Berge

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Böttcher

North-West University

C. Boisson

LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories

J. Bolmont

Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC)

M. De Bony De Lavergne

University Paris-Saclay

J. Borowska

Humboldt University of Berlin

M. Bouyahiaoui

Max Planck Society

F. Bradascio

University Paris-Saclay

R. Brose

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies

A. Brown

University of Oxford

B. Bruno

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

T. Bulik

University of Warsaw

C. Burger-Scheidlin

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies

S. Casanova

Polish Academy of Sciences

R. Cecil

University of Hamburg

J. Celic

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

M. Cerruti

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

T. Chand

North-West University

A. Chen

University of Witwatersrand

J. Chibueze

North-West University

O. Chibueze

North-West University

G. Cotter

University of Oxford

J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

J. Devin

University of Witwatersrand

J. Djuvsland

Max Planck Society

A. Dmytriiev

North-West University

S. Einecke

University of Adelaide

J.-P. Ernenwein

Aix Marseille University

K. Feijen

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

G. Fontaine

École polytechnique

S. Funk

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

S. Gabici

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

D. Glawion

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

J.F. Glicenstein

University Paris-Saclay

P. Goswami

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

G. Grolleron

Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC)

L. Haerer

Max Planck Society

B. Hes

University of Tübingen

T.L. Holch

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Holler

University of Innsbruck

D. Horns

University of Hamburg

Zhiqiu Huang

Max Planck Society

M. Jamrozy

Jagiellonian University in Kraków

F. Jankowsky

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

I. Jung-Richardt

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

E. Kasai

University of Namibia

K. Katarzynski

Nicolaus Copernicus University

R. Khatoon

North-West University

B. Khélifi

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

W. Kluźniak

Polish Academy of Sciences

Nu. Komin

University of Witwatersrand

K. Kosack

University Paris-Saclay

A. Kundu

North-West University

R.G. Lang

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

S. Le Stum

Aix Marseille University

F. Leitl

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

A. Lemiere

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

M. Lemoine-Goumard

Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Bordeaux Gradignan

J.-P. Lenain

Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC)

F. Leuschner

University of Tübingen

A. Luashvili

LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories

J. Mackey

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies

D. Malyshev

University of Tübingen

G. Martí-Devesa

University of Innsbruck

R. Marx

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

M. Meyer

University of Southern Denmark

A. Mitchell

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

R. Moderski

Polish Academy of Sciences

M.O. Moghadam

University of Potsdam

L. Mohrmann

Max Planck Society

A. Montanari

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

E. Moulin

University Paris-Saclay

M. De Naurois

École polytechnique

J. Niemiec

Polish Academy of Sciences

P. O'Brien

University Of Leicester

S. Ohm

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

E. De Ona Wilhelmi

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Ostrowski

Jagiellonian University in Kraków

S. Panny

University of Innsbruck

M. Panter

Max Planck Society

U. Pensec

Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC)

S. Pita

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

G. Pühlhofer

University of Tübingen

A. Quirrenbach

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

S. Ravikularaman

Max Planck Society

A. Reimer

University of Innsbruck

O. Reimer

University of Innsbruck

B. Reville

Max Planck Society

John Conway

University Paris-Saclay

Other publications Research

H. Ren

Max Planck Society

F. Rieger

Max Planck Society

G. Roellinghoff

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

B. Rudak

Polish Academy of Sciences

E. Ruiz-Velasco

Max Planck Society

K. Sabri

Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier

V. Sahakian

Yerevan State University

H. Salzmann

University of Tübingen

A. Santangelo

University of Innsbruck

M. Sasaki

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

J. Schäfer

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

F. Schussler

University Paris-Saclay

H.M. Schutte

North-West University

J.N.S. Shapopi

University of Namibia

A. Sharma

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

H. Sol

LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories

S. Spencer

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

Ł. Stawarz

Jagiellonian University in Kraków

C. Steppa

University of Potsdam

K. Streil

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

H. Suzuki

Konan University

T. Takahashi

University of Tokyo

T. Tanaka

Konan University

A.M. Taylor

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

R. Terrier

APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie

M. Tluczykont

University of Hamburg

M. Tsirou

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

C. Van Eldik

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

M. Vecchi

University of Groningen

T. Wach

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

S.J. Wagner

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

A. Wierzcholska

Polish Academy of Sciences

M. Zacharias

North-West University

A.A. Zdziarski

Polish Academy of Sciences

A. Zech

LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories

N. Żywucka

North-West University

S. Abe

University of Tokyo

J. Abhir

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)

A. Abhishek

University of Siena

V.A. Acciari

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

A. Aguasca-Cabot

University of Barcelona

I. Agudo

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

T. Aniello

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

S. Ansoldi

University of Udine

L.A. Antonelli

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

A. Arbet Engels

Max Planck Society

C. Arcaro

University of Padua

M. Artero

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

K. Asano

University of Tokyo

A. Babic

University of Zagreb

U. Barres De Almeida

Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

J.A. Barrio

IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)

I. Batkovic

University of Padua

A. Bautista

Max Planck Society

J. Baxter

University of Tokyo

J. Becerra González

University of La Laguna

W. Bednarek

University of Lodz

E. Bernardini

University of Padua

J. Bernete

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

A. Berti

Max Planck Society

J. Besenrieder

Max Planck Society

C. Bigongiari

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

A. Biland

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)

O. Blanch

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

G. Bonnoli

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

Ž. Bošnjak

University of Zagreb

E. Bronzini

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

I. Burelli

University of Udine

G. Busetto

University of Padua

A. Campoy-Ordaz

Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)

A. Carosi

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

R. Carosi

University of Pisa

M. Carretero-Castrillo

University of Barcelona

A.J. Castro-Tirado

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

D. Cerasole

University of Bari Aldo Moro

G. Ceribella

Max Planck Society

Y. Chai

University of Tokyo

A. Cifuentes

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

E. Colombo

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

J.L. Contreras

IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)

J. Cortina

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

S. Covino

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

G. D'Amico

University of Bergen

V. D'Elia

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

P. Da Vela

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

F. Dazzi

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

A. De Angelis

University of Padua

B. De Lotto

University of Udine

R. De Menezes

University of Turin

M. Delfino

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

J. Delgado

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

C. Delgado Mendez

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

F. Di Pierro

University of Turin

R. Di Tria

University of Bari Aldo Moro

L. Di Venere

University of Bari Aldo Moro

D. Dominis Prester

Faculty of Physics, University of Rijeka

A. Donini

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

D. Dorner

University of Würzburg

M. Doro

University of Padua

D. Elsaesser

Technische Universität Dortmund

J. Escudero

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

L. Fariña

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

A. Fattorini

Technische Universität Dortmund

L. Foffano

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

L. Font

Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)

S. Fröse

Technische Universität Dortmund

S. Fukami

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)

Y. Fukazawa

Hiroshima University

R. García López

University of La Laguna

M. Garczarczyk

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

S. Gasparyan

ICRANet Armenia

M. Gaug

Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)

J.G. Giesbrecht Paiva

Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

N. Giglietto

University of Bari Aldo Moro

F. Giordano

University of Bari Aldo Moro

P. Gliwny

University of Lodz

N. Godinović

University of Split

T. Gradetzke

Technische Universität Dortmund

R. Grau

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

D. Green

Max Planck Society

J.G. Green

Max Planck Society

P. Günther

University of Würzburg

D. Hadasch

University of Tokyo

A. Hahn

Max Planck Society

T. Hassan

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

L. Heckmann

Max Planck Society

J. Herrera Llorente

University of La Laguna

D. Hrupec

Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

R. Imazawa

Hiroshima University

K. Ishio

University of Lodz

I. Jiménez Martínez

Max Planck Society

J. Jormanainen

University of Turku

T. Kayanoki

Hiroshima University

D. Kerszberg

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

G.W. Kluge

University of Bergen

Y. Kobayashi

University of Tokyo

P.M. Kouch

University of Turku

H. Kubo

University of Tokyo

J. Kushida

Tokai University

M. Láinez

IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)

A. Lamastra

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

F. Leone

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

E. Lindfors

University of Turku

S. Lombardi

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

R. López-Coto

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

M. López-Moya

IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)

A. López-Oramas

University of La Laguna

S. Loporchio

University of Bari Aldo Moro

A. Lorini

University of Siena

E. Lyard

University of Geneva

B. Machado De Oliveira Fraga

Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

P. Majumdar

Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI)

M. Makariev

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

G. Maneva

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

M. Manganaro

Faculty of Physics, University of Rijeka

S. Mangano

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

K. Mannheim

University of Würzburg

M. Mariotti

University of Padua

M. Martínez

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

M. Martínez-Chicharro

Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)

A. Mas-Aguilar

IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)

D. Mazin

University of Tokyo

S. Menchiari

University of Siena

S. Mender

Technische Universität Dortmund

D. Miceli

University of Padua

T. Miener

IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)

J.M. Miranda

University of Siena

R. Mirzoyan

Max Planck Society

M. Molero González

University of La Laguna

E. Molina

University of La Laguna

H.A. Mondal

Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI)

A. Moralejo

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

D. Morcuende

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

T. Nakamori

Yamagata University

C. Nanci

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

V. Neustroev

University of Oulu

L. Nickel

Technische Universität Dortmund

M. Nievas Rosillo

University of La Laguna

C. Nigro

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

L. Nikolić

University of Siena

K. Nilsson

University of Turku

K. Nishijima

Tokai University

T. Njoh Ekoume

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

K. Noda

University of Oulu

S. Nozaki

Max Planck Society

Y. Ohtani

University of Tokyo

A. Okumura

Nagoya University

J. Otero-Santos

Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)

S. Paiano

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

D. Paneque

Max Planck Society

R. Paoletti

University of Siena

J.M. Paredes

University of Barcelona

M. Peresano

Max Planck Society

M. Persic

University of Udine

M. Pihet

University of Padua

G. Pirola

Max Planck Society

F. Podobnik

University of Siena

P. G. P. Moroni

University of Pisa

E. Prandini

University of Padua

C. Priyadarshi

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

M. Ribó

University of Barcelona

J. Rico

Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Bellaterra

C. Righi

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

N. Sahakyan

ICRANet Armenia

T. Saito

University of Tokyo

F.G. Saturni

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

K. Schmidt

Technische Universität Dortmund

F. Schmuckermaier

Max Planck Society

J.L. Schubert

Technische Universität Dortmund

T. Schweizer

Max Planck Society

A. Sciaccaluga

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

G. Silvestri

University of Padua

J. Sitarek

University of Lodz

V. Sliusar

University of Geneva

D. Sobczynska

University of Lodz

A. Spolon

University of Padua

A. Stamerra

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

J. Strišković

Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

D. Strom

Max Planck Society

M. Strzys

University of Tokyo

Y. Suda

Hiroshima University

S. Suutarinen

University of Turku

H. Tajima

Nagoya University

M. Takahashi

Nagoya University

F. Tavecchio

University of Tokyo

F. Tavecchio

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

P. Temnikov

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

K. Terauchi

Kyoto University

T. Terzić

Faculty of Physics, University of Rijeka

M. Teshima

Max Planck Society

S. Truzzi

University of Siena

A. Tutone

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

S. Ubach

Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

J. Van Scherpenberg

Max Planck Society

M. Vazquez Acosta

University of La Laguna

S. Ventura

University of Siena

G. Verna

University of Siena

I. Viale

University of Padua

C.F. Vigorito

University of Turin

V. Vitale

University of Rome Tor Vergata

I. Vovk

University of Tokyo

R. Walter

University of Geneva

M. Will

Max Planck Society

C. Wunderlich

University of Siena

T. Yamamoto

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Astronomy and Astrophysics

0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)

Vol. 692 A140

RadioNet 4

European Commission (EC) (EC/H2020/730562), 2017-01-01 -- 2020-12-31.

Show Project

Onsala space observatory infrastructure

Swedish Research Council (VR) (2017-00648), 2018-01-01 -- 2021-12-31.

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Subject Categories (SSIF 2025)

Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Cosmology

Subatomic Physics

DOI

10.1051/0004-6361/202450497

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3/9/2025 1

Broadband multi-wavelength properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT campaign including a very high energy flaring episode Journal article, 2024

Author

Kenji Toma

Mislav Baloković

S. Chandra

W.-Y. Cheong

Yuzhu Cui

F. D'Ammando

A.D. Falcone

N.M. Ford

M. Giroletti

C. Goddi

M. Gurwell

K. Hada

Daryl Haggard

S.G. Jorstad

A. Kaur

T. Kawashima

S. Kerby

S.G. Jorstad

R. Karuppusamy

E.V. Kravchenko

Sang Sung Lee

R.S. Lu

S. Markoff

J. Michail

Joseph Neilsen

Michael A. Nowak

G. Principe

Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

Bart Ripperda

Mahito Sasada

S.S. Savchenko

C. Sheridan

Kazunori Akiyama

Antxon Alberdi

Walter Alef

Richard Anantua

K. Asada

R. Azulay

U. Bach

A. K. Baczko

David Ball

Bidisha Bandyopadhyay

John Barrett

M. Bauböck

Bradford A. Benson

Dan Bintley

M. Bauböck

R. Blundell

K. L. Bouman

G. C. Bower

Hope Boyce

M. Bremer

Roger Brissenden

Silke Britzen

Avery E. Broderick

D. Broguière

Thomas Bronzwaer

Sandra Bustamente

J. E. Carlstrom

A. Chael

Chi Kwan Chan

Dominic O. Chang

Koushik Chatterjee

S. Chatterjee

Ming Tang Chen

Y. Chen

X. P. Cheng

I. Cho

Christian M. Fromm

Nicholas S. Conroy

John Conway

Thomas M. Crawford

G. Crew

Alejandro Cruz-Osorio

Rohan Dahale

Jordy Davelaar

Mariafelicia De Laurentis

R. P. Deane

Broadband multi-wavelength properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT campaign including a very high energy flaring episode
Journal article, 2024