The PLATO mission
Journal article, 2025
PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is ESA’s M3 mission designed to detect and characterise extrasolar planets and perform asteroseismic monitoring of a large number of stars. PLATO will detect small planets (down to <2REarth) around bright stars (<11 mag), including terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. With the complement of radial velocity observations from the ground, planets will be characterised for their radius, mass, and age with high accuracy (5%, 10%, 10% for an Earth-Sun combination respectively). PLATO will provide us with a large-scale catalogue of well-characterised small planets up to intermediate orbital periods, relevant for a meaningful comparison to planet formation theories and to better understand planet evolution. It will make possible comparative exoplanetology to place our Solar System planets in a broader context. In parallel, PLATO will study (host) stars using asteroseismology, allowing us to determine the stellar properties with high accuracy, substantially enhancing our knowledge of stellar structure and evolution. The payload instrument consists of 26 cameras with 12cm aperture each. For at least four years, the mission will perform high-precision photometric measurements. Here we review the science objectives, present PLATO‘s target samples and fields, provide an overview of expected core science performance as well as a description of the instrument and the mission profile towards the end of the serial production of the flight cameras. PLATO is scheduled for a launch date end 2026. This overview therefore provides a summary of the mission to the community in preparation of the upcoming operational phases.
Exoplanets
Asteroseismology
PLATO mission
Author
H. Rauer
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Conny Aerts
KU Leuven
J. Cabrera
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
M. Deleuil
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Anders Erikson
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Laurent Gizon
Max Planck Society
Mariejo Goupil
Paris Observatory
A. Heras
European Space Agency (ESA)
Thomas Walloschek
European Space Agency (ESA)
Jose Lorenzo-Alvarez
European Space Agency (ESA)
Filippo Marliani
European Space Agency (ESA)
César Martin-Garcia
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
J. Miguel Mas-Hesse
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Laurence O’Rourke
European Space Agency (ESA)
H. P. Osborn
University of Bern
I. Pagano
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Giampaolo P. Piotto
University of Padua
Don L. Pollacco
The University of Warwick
R. Ragazzoni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Gavin Ramsay
Armagh Observatory and Planetarium
S. Udry
University of Geneva
Thierry Appourchaux
University Paris-Saclay
W. Benz
University of Bern
A. Brandeker
Stockholm University
M. Gudel
University of Vienna
Eduardo Janot-Pacheco
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
Petr Kabath
Czech Academy of Sciences
Hans Kjeldsen
Aarhus University
M. Min
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
N. C. Santos
University of Porto
Alan Smith
University College London (UCL)
Juan-Carlos Suarez
Universidad de Granada
Stephanie Werner
University of Oslo
Alessio Aboudan
University of Padua
Manuel Abreu
University of Lisbon
L. Acuña
Max Planck Society
Moritz Adams
Aachen University of Applied Sciences
V. Adibekyan
University of Porto
Laura Affer
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
François Agneray
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Craig Agnor
Queen Mary University of London
Victor Aguirre Børsen-Koch
Niels Bohr Institute
Saad Ahmed
University of Cambridge
S. Aigrain
University of Oxford
Ashraf Al-Bahlawan
University College London (UCL)
Ma de los Angeles Alcacera Gil
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
E. Alei
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Silvia Alencar
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Richard Alexander
University Of Leicester
Julia Alfonso-Garzón
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Y. Alibert
University of Bern
Carlos Allende Prieto
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Leonardo Almeida
University Rio Grande do Norte
Roi Alonso Sobrino
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Giuseppe Altavilla
Space Science Data Center - ASI
Christian Althaus
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Luis Alonso Alvarez Trujillo
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Anish Amarsi
Uppsala University
M. Ammler-Von Eiff
Max Planck Society
Eduardo Amôres
State University of Feira de Santana
Laerte Andrade
University of Ponta Grossa
A. Antoniadis-Karnavas
University of Porto
C. António
DEIMOS Engenharia
Beatriz Aparicio del Moral
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Matteo Appolloni
European Space Agency (ESA)
Claudio Arena
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
D. J. Armstrong
The University of Warwick
Jose Aroca Aliaga
European Space Agency (ESA)
Martin Asplund
Australian National University
Jeroen Audenaert
KU Leuven
Natalia Auricchio
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Pedro Avelino
University of Porto
Ann Baeke
University of Liège
Kevin Baillié
IMCCE - Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides
Ana Balado
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Pau Ballber Balagueró
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Andrea Balestra
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Warrick Ball
University of Birmingham
Herve Ballans
University Paris-Saclay
Jerome Ballot
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Caroline Barban
Paris Observatory
Gaële Barbary
Paris Observatory
Mauro Barbieri
University of Atacama
Sebastià Barceló Forteza
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Adrian Barker
University of Leeds
Paul Barklem
Uppsala University
Sydney Barnes
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
D. Barrado Navascues
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
O. Barragán
University of Oxford
Clément Baruteau
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Sarbani Basu
Yale University
Frederic Baudin
University Paris-Saclay
Ph. Baumeister
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
D. Bayliss
The University of Warwick
Michael Bazot
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS GmbH)
P. G. Beck
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Kevin Belkacem
Paris Observatory
Earl Bellinger
Max Planck Society
Serena Benatti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Othman Benomar
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Diane Bérard
IMCCE - Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides
Maria Bergemann
Max Planck Society
M. Bergomi
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Pierre Bernardo
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Katia Biazzo
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. Bignamini
Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
L. Bigot
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
N. Billot
University of Geneva
Martin Binet
The University of Warwick
David Biondi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
F. Biondi
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Aaron C. Birch
Max Planck Society
B. Bitsch
Max Planck Society
Paz Victoria Bluhm Ceballos
Freie Universität Berlin
A. Bódi
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Zsófia Bognár
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
I. Boisse
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Emeline Bolmont
University of Geneva
Alfio Bonanno
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
M. Bonavita
Open University
A. Bonfanti
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
X. Bonfils
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG)
Rosaria Bonito
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. S. Bonomo
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Anko Börner
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Sudeshna Boro Saikia
University of Vienna
Elisa Borreguero Martín
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Francesco Borsa
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
L. Borsato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Diego Bossini
University of Porto
F. Bouchy
University of Geneva
G. Boue´
IMCCE - Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides
Rodrigo Boufleur
Observatorio Nacional
Patrick Boumier
University Paris-Saclay
V. Bourrier
University of Geneva
Dominic M. Bowman
KU Leuven
Enrico Bozzo
University of Geneva
Louisa Bradley
University College London (UCL)
John Bray
University of Auckland
Alessandro Bressan
Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati
S Breton
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Daniele Brienza
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Ana Brito
Instituto Superior Tecnico
M. Brogi
University of Turin
Beverly Brown
European Space Agency (ESA)
D. J.A. Brown
The University of Warwick
Allan Sacha Brun
University Paris-Saclay
G. Bruno
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Michael Bruns
Max Planck Society
L. A. Buchhave
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
L. Bugnet
Institute of Science and Technology Austria
Gaël Buldgen
University of Geneva
Patrick Burgess
University of Cambridge
Andrea Busatta
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Giorgia Busso
University of Cambridge
Derek Buzasi
of Chemistry and Physics
J. A. Caballero
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Alexandre Cabral
University of Lisbon
Juan-Francisco Cabrero Gomez
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Flavia Calderone
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Robert Cameron
Max Planck Society
A. Collier Cameron
University of St Andrews
Tiago Campante
University of Porto
Néstor Campos Gestal
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
B. L.Canto Martins
University Rio Grande do Norte
C. Cara
University Paris-Saclay
L. Carone
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Josep Manel Carrasco
University of Barcelona
Luca Casagrande
Australian National University
Sarah Casewell
University Of Leicester
Santi Cassisi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Marco Castellani
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Matthieu Castro
University Rio Grande do Norte
Claude Catala
Paris Observatory
Irene Catalán Fernández
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Márcio Catelan
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
H. M. Cegla
The University of Warwick
Chiara Cerruti
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
V. Cessa
University of Bern
Merieme Chadid
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
W. J. Chaplin
University of Birmingham
S. Charpinet
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Cristina Chiappini
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
Simone Chiarucci
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
A. Chiavassa
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Simonetta Chinellato
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Giovanni Chirulli
European Space Agency (ESA)
Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard
Aarhus University
Ross Church
Lund University
Antonio Claret
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Cathie Clarke
University of Cambridge
Riccardo Claudi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Lionel Clermont
University of Liège
Hugo Coelho
University Rio Grande do Norte
Joao Coelho
University of Lisbon
Fabrizio Cogato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Josep Colomé
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Mathieu Condamin
University Paris-Saclay
Fernando Conde García
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Simon Conseil
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Thierry Corbard
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
A. Correia
University of Coimbra
Enrico Corsaro
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
R. Cosentino
INAF - Italian National Institute for Astrophysics
Jean Costes
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Andrea Cottinelli
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Giovanni Covone
University of Naples Federico II
O. Creevey
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Aurelien Crida
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Szilard Csizmadia
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Margarida Cunha
University of Porto
Patrick Curry
University College London (UCL)
Jefferson da Costa
University Rio Grande do Norte
Francys da Silva
University Rio Grande do Norte
S. Dalal
University of Exeter
Mario Damasso
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
C. Damiani
Max Planck Society
Francesco Damiani
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Maria Liduina das Chagas
Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará
Melvyn B. Davies
Lund University
Guy Davies
University of Birmingham
Ben Davies
Liverpool John Moores University
Gary Davison
University College London (UCL)
Leandro de Almeida
University Rio Grande do Norte
Francesca de Angeli
University of Cambridge
S.C.C. Barros
University of Porto
Izan de CastroLeão
University Rio Grande do Norte
Daniel Brito de Freitas
Federal University of Ceará
Marcia Cristina de Freitas
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Domitilla De Martino
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. R. De Medeiros
University Rio Grande do Norte
Luiz Alberto de Paula
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
Álvaro de Pedraza Gómez
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Jelle de Plaa
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
J. De Ridder
KU Leuven
Morgan Deal
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
L. Decin
KU Leuven
H. Deeg
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Scilla Degl’Innocenti
University of Pisa
Sebastien Deheuvels
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
C. del Burgo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Fabio Del Sordo
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
E. Delgado Mena
University of Porto
O. Demangeon
University of Porto
Tilmann Denk
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
A. Derekas
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
J. M. Desert
Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy
S. Desidera
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Marc Dexet
University Paris-Saclay
Marcella Di Criscienzo
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
A. M. di Giorgio
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Maria Pia Di Mauro
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Federico Jose Diaz Rial
Valencia Internacional University
José-Javier Díaz-García
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Marco Dima
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Giacomo Dinuzzi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
O. Dionatos
University of Vienna
Elisa Distefano
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Jose-Dias do Nascimento Jr
University Rio Grande do Norte
Albert Domingo
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Valentina D’Orazi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
C. Dorn
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)
L. Doyle
The University of Warwick
Elena Duarte
University of Lisbon
Florent Ducellier
Paris Observatory
Luc Dumaye
University Paris-Saclay
X. Dumusque
University of Geneva
Marc-Antoine Dupret
University of Liège
Patrick Eggenberger
University of Geneva
D. Ehrenreich
University of Geneva
P. Eigmüller
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Johannes Eising
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Marcelo Emilio
University of Ponta Grossa
K. Eriksson
Uppsala University
Marco Ermocida
European Space Agency (ESA)
Riano Isidoro Escate Giribaldi
Free University of Brussels
Yoshi Eschen
The University of Warwick
Lucía Espinosa Yáñez
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Inês Estrela
DEIMOS Engenharia
Dafydd Wyn Evans
University of Cambridge
Damian Fabbian
University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien
Michele Fabrizio
Space Science Data Center - ASI
João Pedro Faria
University of Porto
Maria Farina
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. Farinato
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Dax Feliz
Vanderbilt University
Sofia Feltzing
Lund University
Thomas Fenouillet
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Miguel Fernández
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Lorenza Ferrari
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
S. Ferraz-Mello
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
Fabio Fialho
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
Agnes Fienga
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
P. Figueira
European Southern Observatory Santiago
Laura Fiori
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Ettore Flaccomio
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Mauro Focardi
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Steve Foley
European Space Agency (ESA)
Jean Fontignie
University Paris-Saclay
Dominic Ford
University of Cambridge
Karin Fornazier
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
T. Forveille
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG)
L. Fossati
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Rodrigo de Marca Franca
IMT University
Lucas Franco da Silva
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
Antonio Frasca
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Malcolm Fridlund
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
Marco Furlan
IMT University
Sarah-Maria Gabler
Max Planck Society
Marco Gaido
European Space Agency (ESA)
Andrew Gallagher
Max Planck Society
Paloma I. Gallego Sempere
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Emanuele Galli
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
R. A. García
University Paris-Saclay
Antonio García Hernández
Universidad de Granada
A. Garcia Munoz
University Paris-Saclay
Hugo García-Vázquez
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Rafael Garrido Haba
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Patrick Gaulme
Max Planck Society
Nicolas Gauthier
Paris Observatory
Charlotte Gehan
Max Planck Society
Matthew Gent
Max Planck Society
Iskra Georgieva
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
Mauro Ghigo
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Edoardo Giana
European Space Agency (ESA)
S. Gill
The University of Warwick
Leo Girardi
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Silvia Giuliatti Winter
São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Giovanni Giusi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. Gomes da Silva
University of Porto
Luis Jorge Gómez Zazo
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Juan Manuel Gomez-Lopez
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Jonay Isai González Hernández
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Kevin Gonzalez Murillo
IMCCE - Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides
Alejandro Gonzalo Melchor
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Nicolas Gorius
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Pierre-Vincent Gouel
Paris Observatory
Duncan Goulty
European Space Agency (ESA)
V. Granata
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. L. Grenfell
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Denis Grießbach
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Emmanuel Grolleau
Paris Observatory
S. Grouffal
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
S. Grziwa
University of Cologne
Mario Giuseppe Guarcello
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Loïc Gueguen
Paris Observatory
E. W. Guenther
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Terrasa Guilhem
University of Liège
Lucas Guillerot
University Paris-Saclay
T. Guillot
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Pierre Guiot
University Paris-Saclay
P. Guterman
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
A. Gutierrez
DEIMOS Engenharia
Fernando Gutiérrez-Canales
Paris Observatory
J. Hagelberg
University of Geneva
J. Haldemann
University of Bern
Cassandra Hall
University of Georgia
Rasmus Handberg
Aarhus University
Ian Harrison
European Space Agency (ESA)
Diana Harrison
University of Cambridge
J. Hasiba
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Carole A. Haswell
Open University
Petra Hatalova
University of Oslo
A. Hatzes
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
R. D. Haywood
University of Exeter
G. Hebrard
Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris
Frank Heckes
Max Planck Society
Ulrike Heiter
Uppsala University
S. Hekker
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS GmbH)
R.L. Heller
Max Planck Society
Ch. Helling
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Krzysztof Helminiak
Polish Academy of Sciences
Simon Hemsley
University College London (UCL)
Kevin Heng
University of Bern
K. Herbst
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Aline Hermans
University of Liège
J.J. Hermes
Boston University
Nadia Hidalgo Torres
European Space Agency (ESA)
N. R. Hinkel
Arizona State University
D. Hobbs
Lund University
Simon Hodgkin
University of Cambridge
Karl Hofmann
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
S. Hojjatpanah
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Günter Houdek
Aarhus University
Daniel Huber
University of Hawaii
Joseph Huesler
European Space Agency (ESA)
Alain Hui-Bon-Hoa
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
R. Huygen
KU Leuven
Duc-Dat Huynh
University Paris-Saclay
Nicolas Iro
University of Vienna
Jonathan Irwin
University of Cambridge
Mike Irwin
University of Cambridge
A. Izidoro
São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Sophie Jacquinod
Paris Observatory
Nicholas Emborg Jannsen
KU Leuven
Markus Janson
Stockholm University
Harald Jeszenszky
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Chen Jiang
Max Planck Society
Antonio José Jimenez Mancebo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Paula Jofre
Diego Portales University
A. Johansen
Lund University
Cole Johnston
KU Leuven
Geraint Jones
University College London (UCL)
Thomas Kallinger
University of Vienna
Szilárd Kálmán
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Thomas Kanitz
European Space Agency (ESA)
M. Karjalainen
Czech Academy of Sciences
R. Karjalainen
Czech Academy of Sciences
Christoffer Karoff
Aarhus University
Steven Kawaler
Iowa State University
Daisuke Kawata
University College London (UCL)
Arnoud Keereman
European Space Agency (ESA)
David Keiderling
Max Planck Society
Tom Kennedy
University College London (UCL)
Matthew Kenworthy
Leiden University
F. Kerschbaum
University of Vienna
Mark Kidger
European Space Agency (ESA)
F. Kiefer
Paris Observatory
Christian Kintziger
University of Liège
Kristina Kislyakova
University of Vienna
L. L. Kiss
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
P. Klagyivik
Freie Universität Berlin
Hubert Klahr
Max Planck Society
Jonas Klevas
Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Lithuanian
Oleg Kochukhov
Uppsala University
Ulrich Köhler
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Ulrich Kolb
Open University
Alexander Koncz
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Judith Korth
Lund University
Nadiia Kostogryz
Max Planck Society
Gábor Kovács
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
József Kovács
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
Oleg Kozhura
Open University
Natalie Krivova
Max Planck Society
Arūnas Kuĉinskas
Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Lithuanian
Ilyas Kuhlemann
Max Planck Society
Friedrich Kupka
University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien
W. Laauwen
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
A. Labiano
European Space Agency (ESA)
Nadege Lagarde
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
Philippe Laget
European Space Agency (ESA)
Gunter Laky
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
K. W.F. Lam
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Michiel Lambrechts
Lund University
H. Lammer
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
A. F. Lanza
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Alessandro Lanzafame
University of Catania
Mariel Lares Martiz
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
J. Laskar
IMCCE - Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides
Henrik Latter
University of Cambridge
Tony Lavanant
University Paris-Saclay
Alastair Lawrenson
University College London (UCL)
Cecilia Lazzoni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Agnes Lebre
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
Yveline Lebreton
Paris Observatory
A. L. des Etangs
Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris
Katherine Lee
Max Planck Society
Zoe Leinhardt
University of Bristol
A. Leleu
University of Geneva
M. Lendl
University of Geneva
Giuseppe Leto
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Yves Levillain
European Space Agency (ESA)
Anne-Sophie Libert
University of Namur
T. Lichtenberg
University of Groningen
Roxanne Ligi
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Francois Lignieres
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
J. Lillo-Box
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
J. Linsky
University of Colorado at Boulder
John Scige Liu
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Dominik Loidolt
University of Vienna
Y. Longval
University Paris-Saclay
Ilídio Lopes
Instituto Superior Tecnico
A. Lorenzani
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Hans-Guenter Ludwig
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
M. N. Lund
Aarhus University
Mia Sloth Lundkvist
Aarhus University
Xavier Luri
University of Barcelona
Carla Maceroni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Sean Madden
European Space Agency (ESA)
N. Madhusudhan
University of Cambridge
Antonio Maggio
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Christian Magliano
University of Naples Federico II
D. Magrin
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Laurent Mahy
Royal Observatory of Belgium
Olaf Maibaum
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
LeeRoy Malac-Allain
Paris Observatory
Jean-Christophe Malapert
Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)
L. Malavolta
University of Padua
Jesus Maldonado
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Elena Mamonova
University of Oslo
Louis Manchon
Max Planck Society
Andres Manjón
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
A. Mann
The University of North Carolina System
G. Mantovan
University of Padua
L. Marafatto
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Marcella Marconi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Rosemary Mardling
Monash University
P. Marigo
University of Padua
Silvia Marinoni
Space Science Data Center - ASI
Rico Marques
IMT University
Joao Pedro Marques
University Paris-Saclay
Paola Maria Marrese
Space Science Data Center - ASI
Douglas Marshall
Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modelisation de Paris-Saclay
Silvia Martínez Perales
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
David Mary
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
F. Marzari
University of Padua
Eduard Masana
University of Barcelona
Andrina Mascher
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
S. Mathis
University Paris-Saclay
S. Mathur
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Iris Martín Vodopivec
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Ana Carolina Mattiuci Figueiredo
University Rio Grande do Norte
P. Maxted
Keele University
T. Mazeh
Tel Aviv University
Stephane Mazevet
Université Paris PSL
Francesco Mazzei
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. McCormac
The University of Warwick
Paul McMillan
Lund University
Lucas Menou
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Thibault Merle
Free University of Brussels
F. Meru
The University of Warwick
Dino Mesa
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Sergio Messina
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Szabolcs Mészáros
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
N. Meunier
Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG)
Jean-Charles Meunier
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
G. Micela
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
H. Michaelis
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Eric Michel
Paris Observatory
Mathias Michielsen
KU Leuven
Tatiana Michtchenko
University of Sao Paulo (USP)
Andrea Miglio
University of Bologna
Yamila Miguel
Leiden University
David Milligan
European Space Agency (ESA)
Giovanni Mirouh
University of Surrey
Morgan Mitchell
The University of Warwick
Nuno Moedas
University of Porto
Francesca Molendini
European Space Agency (ESA)
László Molnár
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Joey Mombarg
KU Leuven
Josefina Montalban
University of Bologna
Marco Montalto
University of Padua
Mário J. P. F. G. Monteiro
University of Porto
Francisco Montoro Sánchez
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Juan Carlos Morales
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
M. Morales-Calderon
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
A. Morbidelli
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
C. Mordasini
University of Bern
Chrystel Moreau
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Thierry Morel
University of Liège
Giuseppe Morello
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Julien Morin
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
A. Mortier
University of Birmingham
Benoît Mosser
Paris Observatory
Denis Mourard
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
O. Mousis
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
C. Moutou
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Nami Mowlavi
University of Geneva
Andrés Moya
Universitat de Valencia
Prisca Muehlmann
European Space Agency (ESA)
Philip Muirhead
Boston University
M. Munari
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Ilaria Musella
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. J. Mustill
Lund University
N. Nardetto
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
D. Nardiello
University of Padua
Norio Narita
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Valerio Nascimbeni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Anna Nash
University College London (UCL)
Coralie Neiner
Paris Observatory
R. Nelson
Queen Mary University of London
Nadine Nettelmann
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Gianalfredo Nicolini
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Martin Nielsen
University of Birmingham
Sami-Matias Niemi
European Space Agency (ESA)
L. Noack
Freie Universität Berlin
Arlette Noels-Grotsch
University of Liège
Anthony Noll
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS GmbH)
Azib Norazman
The University of Warwick
Andrew J. Norton
Open University
Benard Nsamba
Max Planck Society
A. Ofir
Weizmann Institute of Science
Gordon Ogilvie
University of Cambridge
Terese Olander
Uppsala University
Christian Olivetto
University Paris-Saclay
G. Olofsson
Stockholm University
Joel Ong
University of Hawaii
Sergio Ortolani
University of Padua
M. Oshagh
University of Göttingen
H. Ottacher
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
R. Ottensamer
University of Vienna
Rhita-Maria Ouazzani
Paris Observatory
Sijme-Jan Paardekooper
Delft University of Technology
Emanuele Pace
University of Florence
Miriam Pajas
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Ana Palacios
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
Gaelle Palandri
Paris Observatory
Enric Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Carsten Paproth
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Vanderlei Parro
IMT University
H. Parviainen
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Javier Pascual Granado
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
V. M. Passegger
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Carmen Pastor-Morales
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Martin Pätzold
University of Cologne
May Gade Pedersen
The University of Sydney
David Pena Hidalgo
European Space Agency (ESA)
Francesco Pepe
University of Geneva
Filipe Pereira
University of Porto
Carina Persson
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
Martin Pertenais
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
G. Peter
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
A. C. Petit
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Pascal Petit
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Stefania Pezzuto
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Gabriele Pichierri
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
Adriano Pietrinferni
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
Fernando Pinheiro
University of Coimbra
Marc Pinsonneault
Ohio State University
Emese Plachy
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Philippe Plasson
Paris Observatory
Bertrand Plez
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
K. Poppenhaeger
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
E. Poretti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Elisa Portaluri
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Jordi Portell
University of Barcelona
Gustavo Frederico Porto de Mello
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Julien Poyatos
University of Barcelona
Francisco J. Pozuelos
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
P. G. P. Moroni
University of Pisa
Dumitru Pricopi
Academia Romana
Loredana Prisinzano
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Matthias Quade
Max Planck Society
A. Quirrenbach
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Julio Arturo Rabanal Reina
Paris Observatory
Maria Cristina Rabello Soares
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Gabriella Raimondo
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Monica Rainer
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Jose Ramón Rodón
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Alejandro Ramón-Ballesta
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Gonzalo Ramos Zapata
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Stefanie Rätz
University of Tübingen
Christoph Rauterberg
Max Planck Society
Bob Redman
University College London (UCL)
Ronald Redmer
University of Rostock
Daniel Reese
Paris Observatory
S. Regibo
KU Leuven
A. Reiners
University of Göttingen
Timo Reinhold
Max Planck Society
Christian Renie
Paris Observatory
I. Ribas
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Sergio Ribeiro
IMT University
Thiago Pereira Ricciardi
IMT University
K. Rice
University of Edinburgh
Olivier Richard
Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
Marco Riello
University of Cambridge
Michel Rieutord
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Vincenzo Ripepi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Guy Rixon
University of Cambridge
Steve Rockstein
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
José Ramón Rodón Ortiz
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
María Teresa Rodrigo Rodríguez
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Alberto Rodríguez Amor
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
L. F. Rodríguez Díaz
Aarhus University
Juan Pablo Rodriguez Garcia
European Space Agency (ESA)
Julio Rodriguez-Gomez
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Y. Roehlly
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
F. Roig
Observatorio Nacional
Bárbara Rojas-Ayala
Universidad de Tarapacá
Tobias Rolf
University of Oslo
Jakob L. Rørsted
Aarhus University
Hugo Rosado
DEIMOS Engenharia
Giovanni Rosotti
Leiden University
Olivier Roth
Paris Observatory
Markus Roth
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Alex Rousseau
University College London (UCL)
Ian Roxburgh
Queen Mary University of London
Fabrice Roy
Paris Observatory
P. Royer
KU Leuven
Kirk Ruane
University College London (UCL)
Sergio Rufini Mastropasqua
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Claudia Ruiz de Galarreta
University Paris-Saclay
Andrea Russi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Steven Saar
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Melaine Saillenfest
IMCCE - Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides
Maurizio Salaris
Liverpool John Moores University
S. Salmon
University of Liège
Ippocratis Saltas
Czech Academy of Sciences
Réza Samadi
Paris Observatory
Aunia Samadi
Max Planck Society
Dominic Samra
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Tiago Sanches da Silva
IMT University
Miguel Andrés Sánchez Carrasco
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
A. Santerne
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Amaia Santiago Pé
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Francesco Santoli
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. R.G. Santos
University of Porto
Rosario Sanz Mesa
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Luis Manuel Sarro
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
Gaetano Scandariato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Martin Schäfer
Max Planck Society
Edward Schlafly
University of California
François-Xavier Schmider
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
J. Schneider
LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories
Jesper Schou
Max Planck Society
Hannah Schunker
University of Newcastle
Gabriel Jörg Schwarzkopf
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Aldo Serenelli
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Dries Seynaeve
KU Leuven
Y. Shan
University of Oslo
Alexander Shapiro
Max Planck Society
R. Shipman
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
D. Sicilia
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Maria Angeles Sierra sanmartin
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Axelle Sigot
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Kyle Silliman
University College London (UCL)
R. Silvotti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A.E. Simon
University of Bern
Ricardo Simoyama Napoli
IMT University
Marek Skarka
Czech Academy of Sciences
Barry Smalley
Keele University
Rodolfo Smiljanic
Polish Academy of Sciences
Samuel Smit
University College London (UCL)
A. M.S. Smith
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
L. Smith
University of Cambridge
I. Snellen
Leiden University
A. Sodor
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Frank Sohl
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Sami K. Solanki
Max Planck Society
Francesca Sortino
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
S.G. Sousa
University of Porto
John Southworth
Keele University
Diogo Souto
Federal University of Sergipe
A. Sozzetti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Dimitris Stamatellos
University of Central Lancashire
Keivan G. Stassun
Vanderbilt University
Manfred B. Steller
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Dennis Stello
University of New South Wales (UNSW)
Beate Stelzer
University of Tübingen
Ulrike Stiebeler
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Amalie Stokholm
University of Birmingham
Trude Storelvmo
University of Oslo
Klaus Strassmeier
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
P. A. Strøm
The University of Warwick
Antoine Strugarek
University Paris-Saclay
S. Sulis
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Michal Švanda
Czech Academy of Sciences
L. Szabados
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Robert Szabo
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
G.M. Szabó
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
Ewa Szuszkiewicz
Uniwersytet Szczecinski
Geert Jan Talens
University of Oxford
Daniele Teti
European Space Agency (ESA)
Tom Theisen
Aachen University of Applied Sciences
F. Thévenin
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
A. Thoul
University of Liège
Didier Tiphene
Paris Observatory
R. Titz-Weider
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
A. Tkachenko
KU Leuven
Daniel Tomecki
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Jorge Tonfat
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
N. Tosi
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Regner Trampedach
Space Science Institute
Gregor Traven
Lund University
Amaury Triaud
University of Birmingham
Reidar Trønnes
University of Oslo
Maria Tsantaki
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
M. Tschentscher
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
A. Turin
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Adam Tvaruzka
European Space Agency (ESA)
B. Ulmer
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
S. Ulmer-Moll
University of Geneva
Ceren Ulusoy
Girne American University
Gabriele Umbriaco
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Diana Valencia
University of Toronto
Marica Valentini
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
Adriana Valio
Mackenzie Presbyterian University
Ángel Luis Valverde Guijarro
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Vincent Van Eylen
University College London (UCL)
V. Van Grootel
University of Liège
T. A. van Kempen
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
Timothy Van Reeth
KU Leuven
Iris Van Zelst
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
B. Vandenbussche
KU Leuven
Konstantinos Vasiliou
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Valeriy Vasilyev
Max Planck Society
David Vaz de Mascarenhas
Paris Observatory
Allona Vazan
Open University of Israel
Marina Vela Nunez
Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Eduardo Nunes Velloso
University Rio Grande do Norte
Rita Ventura
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
P. Ventura
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
J. Venturini
University of Geneva
Isabel Vera Trallero
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
Dimitri Veras
The University of Warwick
Eva Verdugo
European Space Agency (ESA)
Kuldeep Verma
Banaras Hindu University
Didier Vibert
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Tobias Vicanek Martinez
University of Tübingen
Krisztián Vida
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Arthur Vigan
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Antonio Villacorta
European Space Agency (ESA)
E. Villaver
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Marcos Villaverde Aparicio
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
V. Viotto
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Eduard Vorobyov
University of Vienna
Sergey Vorontsov
Queen Mary University of London
Frank W. Wagner
Jülich Research Centre
N. A. Walton
University of Cambridge
Dave Walton
University College London (UCL)
Haiyang Wang
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)
R. Waters
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
Christopher Watson
Queen's University Belfast
S. Wedemeyer
University of Oslo
A. Weeks
University College London (UCL)
J. Weingrill
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
Annita Weiss
Max Planck Society
Belinda Wendler
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Richard G West
The University of Warwick
K. Westerdorff
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Pierre-Amaury Westphal
University Paris-Saclay
P. J. Wheatley
The University of Warwick
Tim White
Australian National University
Amadou Whittaker
European Space Agency (ESA)
Kai Wickhusen
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
T.G. Wilson
The University of Warwick
James Windsor
European Space Agency (ESA)
Othon Winter
São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Mark L. Winther
Aarhus University
Alistair Winton
European Space Agency (ESA)
Ulrike Witteck
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Veronika Witzke
Max Planck Society
P. Woitke
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
D. Wolter
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
G. Wuchterl
Kuffner Observatory
M. Wyatt
University of Cambridge
Dan Yang
Max Planck Society
Jie Yu
Max Planck Society
Ricardo Zanmar Sanchez
Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
M. Zapatero-Osorio
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
M. Zechmeister
University of Göttingen
Yixiao Zhou
Aarhus University
Claas Ziemke
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Konstanze Zwintz
University of Innsbruck
Torsten Böhm
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP)
Léo Michel Dansac
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
Experimental Astronomy
0922-6435 (ISSN) 1572-9508 (eISSN)
Vol. 59 3 26Subject Categories (SSIF 2025)
Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Cosmology
DOI
10.1007/s10686-025-09985-9