Divertor shaping with neutral baffling as a solution to the tokamak power exhaust challenge
Journal article, 2025

Exhausting power from the hot fusion core to the plasma-facing components is one fusion energy’s biggest challenges. The MAST Upgrade tokamak uniquely integrates strong containment of neutrals within the exhaust area (divertor) with extreme divertor shaping capability. By systematically altering the divertor shape, this study shows the strongest evidence to date to our knowledge that long-legged divertors with a high magnetic field gradient (total flux expansion) deliver key power exhaust benefits without adversely impacting the hot fusion core. These benefits are already achieved with relatively modest geometry adjustments that are more feasible to integrate in reactor designs. Benefits include reduced target heat loads and improved access to, and stability of, a neutral gas buffer that ‘shields’ the target and enhances power exhaust (detachment). Analysis and model comparisons shows these benefits are obtained by combining multiple shaping aspects: long-legged divertors have expanded plasma-neutral interaction volume that drive reductions in particle and power loads, while total flux expansion enhances detachment access and stability. Containing the neutrals in the exhaust area with physical structures further augments these shaping benefits. These results demonstrate strategic variation in the divertor geometry and magnetic topology is a potential solution to one of fusion’s power exhaust challenge. (Figure presented.)

Author

K. Verhaegh

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

James Harrison

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Moulton

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Lipschultz

University of York

N. Lonigro

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Nick Osborne

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Ryan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Theiler

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

T. A. Wijkamp

Eindhoven University of Technology

Dominik Brida

Max Planck Society

C. Cowley

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. F. Derks

Eindhoven University of Technology

Rhys Doyle

Dublin City University

Fabio Federici

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Bob Kool

Eindhoven University of Technology

O. Février

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A.H. Hakola

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

S.S. Henderson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Holger Reimerdes

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A.J. Thornton

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N. Vianello

Consorzio Rfx

Marco Wischmeier

Max Planck Society

Lingyan Xiang

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

I. Zychor

National Centre for Nuclear Research

M. Zurita

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Zuin

Consorzio Rfx

X.L. Zou

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

V.K. Zotta

Sapienza University of Rome

A. Zohar

Jozef Stefan Institute

M. Zlobinski

Jülich Research Centre

B. Zimmermann

Max Planck Society

P. Zestanakis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

M. Zerbini

ENEA

J. Zebrowski

National Centre for Nuclear Research

Y. Zayachuk

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Zarzoso

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

P. Zanca

Consorzio Rfx

L. Zakharov

University of Helsinki

G. Zadvitskiy

Czech Academy of Sciences

B. Zaar

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

R. Yi

Jülich Research Centre

V. Yanovskiy

Czech Academy of Sciences

H. Yang

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

Y. Yakovenko

National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine

Dmytro Yadykin

Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics

S. Xu

Jülich Research Centre

L. Xiang

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

I. Wyss

University of Rome Tor Vergata

C. Wuethrich

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Wojenski

Warsaw University of Technology

M. Wischmeier

Max Planck Society

T. Wilson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Willensdorfer

Max Planck Society

T. A. Wijkamp

Eindhoven University of Technology

M. Wiesenberger

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

S. Wiesen

Jülich Research Centre

A.M. Widdowson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Weston

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N. Wendler

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

H. Weisen

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Weiland

Max Planck Society

T Wauters

ITER Organization

E. Wang

Jülich Research Centre

C. Wade

Durham University

T. Vuoriheimo

University of Helsinki

N.M.T. Vu

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P. Vondráček

Czech Academy of Sciences

I. Voldiner

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

I. Voitsekhovitch

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. Vogel

Max Planck Society

M. Vlad

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

P. Vincenzi

Consorzio Rfx

B. Vincent

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Villone

Consorzio CREATE

L. Vignitchouk

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

E. Viezzer

University of Seville

J. Vicente

Instituto Superior Tecnico

N. Vianello

Consorzio Rfx

G. Verona Rinati

University of Rome Tor Vergata

L. Vermare

École polytechnique

K. Verhaegh

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Geert Verdoolaege

Ghent university

T. Verdier

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

M. Veranda

Consorzio Rfx

L. Velarde Gallardo

University of Seville

M. Vecsei

Centre for Energy Research

S. Vartanian

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Varje

Aalto University

J. Valera Rodriguez

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

B. Vanovac

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

R.G.L. Vann

University of York

M. van Rossem

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

S. Van Mulders

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Van Eester

Royal Military Academy

M. Berkel

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

S.I. Valvis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

Martin Valovic

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Vallar

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Valisa

Consorzio Rfx

A. Valentini

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

D. Valcarcel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Usoltseva

Max Planck Society

M. Ugoletti

Consorzio Rfx

A. Tykhyy

National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine

C.K. Tsui

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

E. Tsitrone

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Tsironis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

M. Toscano-Jimenez

University of Seville

A. Tookey

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Tonello

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Tomeš

Czech Academy of Sciences

E. Tomasina

Consorzio Rfx

P. Tolias

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

A. Titarenko

V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

W. Tierens

Max Planck Society

Q. Tichit

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

A.S. Thrysoe

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

A. Thornton

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Thorén

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

B. Thomas

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Tholerus

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Theiler

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Testa

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Terranova

Consorzio Rfx

A. Terra

Jülich Research Centre

A. Tenaglia

University of Rome Tor Vergata

G. Telesca

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

D. Taylor

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Tardocchi

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

G. Tardini

Max Planck Society

P. Tamain

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T. Tala

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

B. Tál

Max Planck Society

G. Szepesi

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Szepesi

Centre for Energy Research

J. Svoboda

Czech Academy of Sciences

W. Suttrop

Max Planck Society

H.-J. Sun

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G.Y. Sun

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Subba

Polytechnic University of Turin

C.I. Stuart

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Pär Strand

Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics

J. Stober

Max Planck Society

G. Stankūnas

Lithuanian Energy Institute

Z. Stancar

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Stagni

Consorzio Rfx

C. Srinivasan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

L. Spolladore

University of Rome Tor Vergata

M. Spolaore

Consorzio Rfx

G. Spizzo

Consorzio Rfx

F. Spineanu

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

C. Sozzi

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

M. Sos

Czech Academy of Sciences

V. Solokha

Aalto University

E. R. Solano

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

A. Snicker

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

S. Smith

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Y. Siusko

National Science Center

S. Sipila

Aalto University

L. Singh

Polytechnic University of Turin

J. Simpson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

L. Simons

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

B. Simmendefeldt Schmidt

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

D. Silvagni

Max Planck Society

A. Silva

Instituto Superior Tecnico

C. Silva

Instituto Superior Tecnico

S.A. Silburn

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Sieglin

Max Planck Society

G. Sias

University of Cagliari

U. Sheikh

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Shaw

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Ridhima Sharma

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. E. Sharapov

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. Sergienko

Jülich Research Centre

M. Senstius

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

L. Senni

ENEA

A. Selce

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

S. Scully

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Scotto d’Abusco

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

F. Sciortino

Max Planck Society

N. Schwarz

Max Planck Society

C. Schuster

Max Planck Society

R. Schrittwieser

University of Innsbruck

R. Schramm

Max Planck Society

N. Schoonheere

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

P.A. Schneider

Max Planck Society

S. Schmuck

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

G. Schettini

Universita degli studi - Roma Tre

O. Sauter

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Sassano

University of Rome Tor Vergata

K. Sarkimaki

Max Planck Society

J. Santos

Instituto Superior Tecnico

A. Sand

Aalto University

L. Sanchis

Aalto University

A. Salmi

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

M. Salewski

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

R. Sabot

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

S. Saarelma

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Ryan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Ryan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Ruiz Ruiz

University of Oxford

J. Rueda Rueda

University of Seville

G. Rubino

ENEA

R. Rossi

University of Rome Tor Vergata

J. Rosato

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

C.F. Romero Madrid

University of Seville

J. Romazanov

Jülich Research Centre

P. Rodrigues

Instituto Superior Tecnico

S. Rode

Jülich Research Centre

G. Rocchi

ENEA

C. M. Roach

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J.F. Rivero-Rodriguez

University of Seville

N. Rivals

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

N. Rispoli

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

D. Ripamonti

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

F.G. Rimini

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Rigollet

Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)

D. Rigamonti

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

S. Rienacker

École polytechnique

M. Richou

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Ricci

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

C Reux

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

O. Renders

KU Leuven

B.C.G. Reman

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

H. Reimerdes

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Reich

Max Planck Society

D. Refy

Centre for Energy Research

D. Rees

Aalto University

A. Redl

Tuscia University

M. Rebai

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

R. Rayaprolu

Jülich Research Centre

S. Ratynskaia

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

G.A. Rattá

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

J. Rasmussen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

Marcin Rasinski

Jülich Research Centre

H. Raj

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Ragona

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

L. Radovanovic

Vienna University of Technology

M. Rabinski

National Centre for Nuclear Research

A. Quercia

Consorzio CREATE

V. Quadri

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T. Pütterich

Max Planck Society

O. Putignano

University of Milano-Bicocca

P. Puglia

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Pueschel

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

G. Pucella

ENEA

I. Predebon

Consorzio Rfx

A. Poulsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

C. Possieri

University of Rome Tor Vergata

L. Porte

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Porcelli

Polytechnic University of Turin

M. Poradziński

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Gábor Pór

Centre for Energy Research

J. Poley

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

G.I. Pokol

Centre for Energy Research

Y. Poels

Eindhoven University of Technology

A. Podolnik

Czech Academy of Sciences

V V Plyusnin

Instituto Superior Tecnico

B. Ploeckl

Max Planck Society

U. Plank

Max Planck Society

F. Pisano

University of Cagliari

A. Pironti

Consorzio CREATE

L. Piron

Consorzio Rfx

C. Piron

ENEA

L. Pigatto

Consorzio Rfx

V. Piergotti

ENEA

Y Peysson

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

Gábor Petravich

Centre for Energy Research

P. Petersson

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

C. Perez vonThun

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

E. Perelli Cippo

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

A. Perek

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

E. Peluso

University of Rome Tor Vergata

G. Pelka

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

Bernard Pegourie

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

E. Pawelec

National Centre for Nuclear Research

R. Pavlichenko

National Science Center

G Pautasso

Max Planck Society

A. Pau

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

B. Patel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Patel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Pastore

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Passoni

Polytechnic University of Milan

K. Paschalidis

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

A. Parrott

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Parisi

University of Oxford

C. Pardanaud

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

V.V. Parail

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Gergely Papp

Max Planck Society

P. Papagiannis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

Aristeides D. Papadopoulos

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

E. Panontin

University of Milano-Bicocca

N. Panadero

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

O. Pan

Max Planck Society

S. Palomba

University of Rome Tor Vergata

D. Palade

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

P. Oyola Dominguez

University of Seville

R. Otin

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N. Osborne

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Orsitto

ENEA

J Ongena

Royal Military Academy

P. Ollus

Aalto University

H. Oliver

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Oliveira

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Oliva

University of Rome Tor Vergata

C. Olde

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Soma Olasz

Centre for Energy Research

N. Offeddu

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Ochoukov

Max Planck Society

H. Nystrom

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

S. Nowak

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

R. Nouailletas

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Nocente

University of Milano-Bicocca

S. K. Nielsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

A.H. Nielsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

R.D. Nem

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

M. F. Nave

Instituto Superior Tecnico

E. Nardon

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

F. Napoli

ENEA

Y. Nakeva

Tuscia University

F. Nabais

Instituto Superior Tecnico

D. Mykytchuk

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P. Muscente

Consorzio Rfx

A. Muraro

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

A. Murari

Consorzio Rfx

M. Muraglia

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

P. Mulholland

Eindhoven University of Technology

D. Moulton

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Moro

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

J.-M. Moret

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P. Moreau

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Morales

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

A. Montisci

University of Cagliari

C. Monti

ENEA

F. Mombelli

Polytechnic University of Milan

P. Molna

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

V. Moiseenko

National Science Center

J. Mlynar

Czech Academy of Sciences

V. Mitterauer

Max Planck Society

R. Mitteau

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Mitchell

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

I. Miron

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

A. Milocco

University of Milano-Bicocca

F. Militello

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Milanesio

Polytechnic University of Turin

K. Mikszuta-Michalik

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

H.F. Meyer

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Merle

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

S. Menmuir

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

V. Menkovski

Eindhoven University of Technology

A. Mele

Tuscia University

C. Meineri

Polytechnic University of Turin

A.G. Meigs

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

K. McKay

University of Liverpool

R. McDermott

Max Planck Society

G. McArdle

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Mazzotta

ENEA

S. Mazzi

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Mazon

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M.L. Mayoral

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Matveeva

Czech Academy of Sciences

D. Matveev

Jülich Research Centre

G.F. Matthews

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Mattei

Consorzio CREATE

R. Masocco

University of Rome Tor Vergata

M. Maslov

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Martone

Consorzio CREATE

J. R. Martìn-Solìs

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

L. Martinelli

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Martinelli

University of Rome Tor Vergata

C. Martin

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

P. Martin

Consorzio Rfx

L. Martellucci

University of Rome Tor Vergata

S. Marsden

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Marocco

ENEA

T. Markovič

Czech Academy of Sciences

M. Markl

Technische Universität Graz

M. Marin

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Mariani

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

S. Marchioni

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

C. Marchetto

Polytechnic University of Turin

G. Marcer

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

G. Marceca

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

Mark Maraschek

Max Planck Society

J. Manyer

Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion

M. Mantsinen

Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion

P. Mantica

Tuscia University

D. Mancini

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Mancini

University of Seville

P. Manas

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

K. Malinowski

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

S. Makarov

Max Planck Society

J. Mailloux

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Maggi

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Maget

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

R. Mäenpää

Aalto University

E. Macusova

Czech Academy of Sciences

V. Lutsenko

National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine

T. Lunt

Max Planck Society

A. LudvigOsipov

T. Luda di Cortemiglia

Max Planck Society

C. Lowry

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Lorenzini

Consorzio Rfx

N. Lonigro

University of York

J. Lombardo

Consorzio Rfx

P.J. Lomas

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Loarer

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Liuzza

ENEA

E. LitherlandSmith

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

X. Litaudon

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

A. Listopad

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

B. Lipschultz

University of York

O. Linder

Max Planck Society

J. Likonen

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

A. Lier

Max Planck Society

Y. Liang

Jülich Research Centre

E. Lerche

Royal Military Academy

M. Lennholm

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. Leerink

Aalto University

M.Y.K. Lee

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

E. Lazzaro

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

A. Lazaros

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

K.D. Lawson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Łaszyńska

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

M. Larsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

P.T. Lang

Max Planck Society

P. Lainer

Technische Universität Graz

L. Laguardia

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

M. Lacquaniti

University of Cagliari

B. Labit

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. La Matina

Consorzio Rfx

R. Kwiatkowski

National Centre for Nuclear Research

M. Kushoro

University of Milano-Bicocca

H. Kumpulainen

Aalto University

U. Kumar

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

O. Kudlacek

Max Planck Society

O. Krutkin

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

K. Krieger

Max Planck Society

A. Kreter

Jülich Research Centre

A. Kramer-Flecken

Jülich Research Centre

M. Kozulia

National Science Center

K. Koziol

National Centre for Nuclear Research

E. Kowalska-Strzeciwilk

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

Y. Kovtun

National Science Center

J. Kovacic

Jozef Stefan Institute

M. Koubiti

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

D. Kos

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. B. Korsholm

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

B. Kool

Eindhoven University of Technology

M. Kong

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Komm

Czech Academy of Sciences

Y. Kominis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

Y. Kolesnichenko

National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine

L. Kogan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Koenders

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

G. Kocsis

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Kochl

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Kochan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

U. Knoche

Jülich Research Centre

A. Knieps

Jülich Research Centre

E. Klinkby

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

F. Kjær

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

T. kiviniemi

Aalto University

A. Kit

University of Helsinki

A. Kirschner

Jülich Research Centre

K. Kirov

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Kirjasuo

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

V.G. Kiptily

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. King

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Hyun-Tae Kim

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

W. Kernbichler

Technische Universität Graz

D. Keeling

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P.-V. Kazantzidis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

Ye. O. Kazakov

Royal Military Academy

S. Kasilov

Technische Universität Graz

A. Karpushov

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Karimov

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Karhunen

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

A. Kappatou

Max Planck Society

J. Kalis

Max Planck Society

A. Juven

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T. Johnson

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

E. Joffrin

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

S. Jessica

Loughborough University

I. Jepu

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Jensen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

F. Jaulmes

Czech Academy of Sciences

A. Järvinen

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

H. Jarleblad

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

A. Jardin

Polish Academy of Sciences

A. Jansen Van Vuuren

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P. Jacquet

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A.S. Jacobsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

M. Jablczynska

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

I. Ivanova-Stanik

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

P. Ivanova

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

H. Isliker

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

C. Ionita Schrittwieser

University of Innsbruck

P. Innocente

Consorzio Rfx

M. Imrišek

Czech Academy of Sciences

A. Iantchenko

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P. Huynh

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

E. Huett

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Huber

Jülich Research Centre

Z. Huang

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Huang

Jülich Research Centre

K. Hromasova

Czech Academy of Sciences

M. Houry

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

L. Horváth

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N. Horsten

KU Leuven

J. Horáček

Czech Academy of Sciences

M. Hoppe

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Hölzl

Max Planck Society

E. Hodille

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Hobirk

Max Planck Society

A. Ho

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

A. Hjalmarsson

Uppsala University

J. Hillesheim

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Hillairet

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. HidalgoSalaverri

University of Seville

S. Heuraux

Institut Jean Lamour

R. Henriques

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Hennequin

École polytechnique

S. Henderson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Heinrich

Max Planck Society

N. Hawkes

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D.M. Harting

Jülich Research Centre

J.R. Harrison

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G.F. Harrer

Vienna University of Technology

T. Happel

Max Planck Society

M. Hamed

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

C. Ham

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Hall

Ghent university

A. Hakola

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

L. Hägg

Uppsala University

T. Gyergyek

Jozef Stefan Institute

J. Gunn

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

R. Guirlet

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Guillemaut

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

A. Gude

Max Planck Society

M. Gruca

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

O. Grover

Max Planck Society

M. Groth

Aalto University

W. Gromelski

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

M. Griener

Max Planck Society

G. Grenfell

Max Planck Society

D. Greenhouse

University of York

G. Granucci

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

S. Gorno

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

T. Görler

Max Planck Society

G. Gorini

University of Milano-Bicocca

V. Gopakumar

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Goodman

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. González Ganzábal

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

V. Goloborodko

National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine

M. Gobbin

Consorzio Rfx

T. Gleiter

Max Planck Society

G. Giruzzi

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C Giroud

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Giovannozzi

ENEA

A. Gillgren

L. Gil

Instituto Superior Tecnico

S. Gibson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

L. Giannone

Max Planck Society

G. Ghillardi

ENEA

F. Ghezzi

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

Z. Ghani

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. Gervasini

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

R. Gerrú Miguelanez

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

S. Gerasimov

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Gerardin

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Gelfusa

University of Rome Tor Vergata

P. Gaudio

University of Rome Tor Vergata

Renato Gatto

Sapienza University of Rome

J. Gaspar

Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)

Luca Garzotti

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J.-L. Gardarein

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

M. Garcia-Munoz

University of Seville

J. Garcia

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

S. Garavaglia

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

M. Gambrioli

Consorzio Rfx

C. Galperti

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Gallo

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Gallart

Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion

S. Galeani

University of Rome Tor Vergata

J. Galdon

University of Seville

K. Galazka

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

D. Galassi

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Gadariya

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

Stefano Gabriellini

Sapienza University of Rome

R. Futtersack

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. Futatani

Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion

D. Frigione

University of Rome Tor Vergata

L. Frassinetti

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

Erik Fransson

A. Frank

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Fontdecaba Climent

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

M. Fontana

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Flebbe

Jülich Research Centre

M. Fitzgerald

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Fischer

Max Planck Society

M. Firdaouss

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Fiorucci

ENEA

N. Fil

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A.C.A. Figueiredo

Instituto Superior Tecnico

A.R. Field

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

O. Ficker

Czech Academy of Sciences

O. Fevrier

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

N. Ferron

Consorzio Rfx

D.R. Ferreira

Instituto Superior Tecnico

Jorge Ferreira

Instituto Superior Tecnico

X. Feng

Durham University

F Felici

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

N. Fedorczak

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Farnk

Czech Academy of Sciences

T. Farley

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Fanni

University of Cagliari

N. Fakhrayi Mofrad

Aalto University

M. Faitsch

Max Planck Society

E. Fable

Max Planck Society

T. Estrada

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

B. Esposito

ENEA

A. Escarguel

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

S. Ertmer

Jülich Research Centre

F. Eriksson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Eriksson

Uppsala University

J. Eriksson

Uppsala University

G. Ericsson

Uppsala University

S.D. Elmore

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Ekedahl

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T. Eich

Max Planck Society

R. Dux

Max Planck Society

B. Duval

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

G. Durr Legoupil Nicoud

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F Durodie

Royal Military Academy

A. Durif

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Dunne

Max Planck Society

Dániel Dunai

Centre for Energy Research

R. J. Dumont

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

L. Dubus

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

P. Drews

Jülich Research Centre

M. Dreval

National Science Center

S. Doyle

University of Seville

S. Dowson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Douai

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

P. Donnel

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Dominguez-Palacios Durán

University of Seville

Laura Dittrich

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

T. Dittmar

Jülich Research Centre

M. Dimitrova

Czech Academy of Sciences

M. Diez

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Dicorato

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

A. Di Siena

Max Planck Society

L.E. di Grazia

Consorzio CREATE

S. Di Genova

Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)

P. Devynck

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Desgranges

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

G. F. Derks

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

D. Del Sarto

Institut Jean Lamour

R. Dejarnac

Czech Academy of Sciences

J. Decker

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

G. De Tommasi

Consorzio CREATE

E. De La Luna

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

E. De La Cal

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

M. De Angeli

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

P. David

Max Planck Society

O. D’Arcangelo

ENEA

Y. Damizia

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Dalla Rosa

University of Milano-Bicocca

A. Dal Molin

University of Milano-Bicocca

A. Da Ros

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T. Czarski

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

G. Cseh

Centre for Energy Research

D.J. Cruz Zabala

University of Seville

K. Crombe

Royal Military Academy

A. Croitoru

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

G. Croci

University of Milano-Bicocca

T. Craciunescu

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics

C. Cowley

University of York

X. Courtois

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Coster

Max Planck Society

S. Costea

Jozef Stefan Institute

D. Costa

Instituto Superior Tecnico

Y. Corre

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

L. Cordaro

Consorzio Rfx

N.J. Conway

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Contré

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

S. Conroy

Uppsala University

L. Colas

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Colandrea

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

I. Coffey

Queen's University Belfast

J.W. Coenen

Jülich Research Centre

R. Coelho

Instituto Superior Tecnico

S. Coda

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Clairet

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Citrin

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

G. Ciraolo

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Cianfarani

ENEA

A. Chomiczewska

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

P. Chmielewski

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

A. Chiariello

Consorzio CREATE

M. Chernyshova

Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)

H. Chen

University of Seville

B. Chapman

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. V. Chankin

Max Planck Society

R. Chandra

Aalto University

C. Challis

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Cerovsky

Czech Academy of Sciences

A. Celora

University of Milano-Bicocca

L. Ceelen

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

M. Cecconello

Uppsala University

J. Cazabonne

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Cavedon

University of Milano-Bicocca

J. Cavalier

Czech Academy of Sciences

F. Causa

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

A. Cathey

Max Planck Society

C. Castaldo

ENEA

FJ Casson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Casolari

Czech Academy of Sciences

I. Casiraghi

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

I. Carvalho

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Caruggi

University of Milano-Bicocca

D. Carralero

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

M. Carpita

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Carole

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

D. Carnevale

University of Rome Tor Vergata

S. Carli

KU Leuven

A. Cardinali

ENEA

S. Carcangiu

University of Cagliari

M. Cappelli

ENEA

B. Cannas

University of Cagliari

F. Cani

Tuscia University

S. Cancelli

University of Milano-Bicocca

J. Caloud

Czech Academy of Sciences

R. Calado

Instituto Superior Tecnico

J. Cai

Jülich Research Centre

A. Burckhart

Max Planck Society

P. Buratti

ENEA

H. Bufferand

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Buermans

Royal Military Academy

R. Buchholz

Technische Universität Graz

V. Bruno

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Brunetti

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Brunet

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

F. Brochard

Institut Jean Lamour

D. Brida

Max Planck Society

S. Brezinsek

Jülich Research Centre

C. Bowman

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C Bourdelle

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T.O.S.J. Bosman

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

I. Borodkina

Czech Academy of Sciences

D. Borodin

Jülich Research Centre

M. Bonotto

Consorzio Rfx

Roberto Bonifetto

Polytechnic University of Turin

D. Bonfiglio

Consorzio Rfx

L. Boncagni

ENEA

N. Bonanomi

Max Planck Society

F. Bombarda

ENEA

T. Bolzonella

Consorzio Rfx

P. Bohm

Czech Academy of Sciences

K. Bogar

Czech Academy of Sciences

A. Bock

Max Planck Society

A. Boboc

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

V. Bobkov

Max Planck Society

A. Bleasdale

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Blanchard

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Bisson

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

G. Birkenmeier

Max Planck Society

W. Bin

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

P. Bílková

Czech Academy of Sciences

R. Bilato

Max Planck Society

Johan Bielecki

Polish Academy of Sciences

R. Bianchetti Morales

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

H. Betar

Institut Jean Lamour

M. Bernert

Max Planck Society

E. Bernard

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

T. Bensadon

Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion

Sadruddin Benkadda

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

M. Baruzzo

ENEA

O. Bardsley

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Barcellona

University of Catania

T. Barberis

Polytechnic University of Turin

M. Baquero-Ruiz

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Balestri

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Balden

Max Planck Society

I. Balboa

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

L. Balbinot

Consorzio Rfx

P. Balázs

Centre for Energy Research

F. Bairaktaris

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

L. Bähner

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

F. Bagnato

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Baciero

Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion

E. Aymerich

University of Cagliari

J. Ayllon

University of Seville

F. Auriemma

Consorzio Rfx

M.H. Aumeunier

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

L. Aucone

University of Milano-Bicocca

O. Asztalos

Centre for Energy Research

W. Arter

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. F. Artaud

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Arnas

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

M. Ariola

Consorzio CREATE

G. Apruzzese

ENEA

L. Appel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Y. Anquetin

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

C. Angioni

Max Planck Society

E. Andersson Sundén

Uppsala University

G. Anastasiou

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

M. Alonzo

ENEA

J. Allcock

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. Allan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Alhage

Ghent university

E. Alessi

Consiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche

S. Aleiferis

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F.C.P. Albert Devasagayam

Aalto University

C. Albert

Technische Universität Graz

M. Agostini

Consorzio Rfx

J. Adamek

Czech Academy of Sciences

D. Abate

Consorzio Rfx

V. Zamkovska

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

M. Wood

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

H. Wong

University of California

H.R. Wilson

University of York

T. Williams

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Wilkins

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. A. Wijkamp

Eindhoven University of Technology

W. Wehner

General Atomics

M. Warr

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. Voss

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Vincent

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

L. Velarde

University of Seville

R.G.L. Vann

University of York

M. Tobin

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

A.J. Thornton

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N.T. Thomas-Davies

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Tame

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Stroud

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Stott

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Stobbs

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Stevenson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Stephen

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. Staebler

General Atomics

D. Speirs

University of Strathclyde

V. Soukhanovskii

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

A. Smith

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Smith

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Simmonds

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Shi

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Seath

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Schuett

University of York

R. Scannell

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Saunders

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Sarwar

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. A. Sabbagh

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

E. Rose

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

K. Ronald

University of Strathclyde

M. Robson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C.M. Roach

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J.F. Rivero-Rodriguez

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Riquezes

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

P. Richardson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. L. Rhodes

University of Strathclyde

R. Proudfoot

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Pritchard

University of York

M. Price

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. Prechel

University of California at Irvine (UCI)

A. Phelps

University of Strathclyde

C. Paz-Soldan

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

D. Payne

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B.S. Patel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Parry

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

E. Parr

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Osborne

General Atomics

M. Omullane

University of California at Irvine (UCI)

M. Nicassio

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Nelson

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

O. Myatra

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. Mordijck

College of William and Mary

D. Morbey

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Michael

The University of Warwick

N. Mehay

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Measures

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. McShee

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. McMillan

The University of Warwick

A. McLean

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

P. McKnight

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. McKnight

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. McConville

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. McClenaghan

General Atomics

K. McClements

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. McAdams

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Martin

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Mansfield

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

C. Man-Friel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Maiden

University of York

S. Mahajan

The University of Texas at Austin

J. Lovell

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

J. Lore

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

B. Lomanowski

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Yueqiang Liu

General Atomics

G. Liddiard

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Leonard

General Atomics

M. Lees

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Kotschenreuther

The University of Warwick

M. Knolker

General Atomics

A. Kirk

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. King

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. King

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Y. Kazakov

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

I. Katramados

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Kandan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Jepson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

K. Imada

University of York

R. Hussain

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Hughes

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

L. Howlett

University of York

Bogdan Hnat

The University of Warwick

C. Hickling

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S.S. Henderson

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

R. Harrison

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

V.H. Hall-Chen

Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore

K.J. Gibson

University of York

T. Gheorghiu

University of York

S. Gee

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Galdon-Quiroga

University of Seville

D. Gahle

University of Strathclyde

W. Fuller

The University of Warwick

R. Fitzpatrick

The University of Texas at Austin

I. Fitzgerald

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

F. Federici

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Y. Enters

University of York

S.D. Elmore

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

H. El-Haroun

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Edmond

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Eagles

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

B. Duval

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Doyle

Dublin City University

S. Dixon

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

G. F. Derks

Eindhoven University of Technology

I. Day

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

P. Davies

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

T. Da Assuncao

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

I. Cziegler

University of York

G. Cunningham

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N. Crocker

University of California

M. Coy

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Clark

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Z. Chen

The University of Texas at Austin

A. Carruthers

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

N. Bulmer

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Buchanan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Bryant

University of Liverpool

P. Bryant

University of Liverpool

P. Browning

University of Manchester

J. Bradley

University of Liverpool

W. Boeglin

Florida International University

J. Berkery

Princeton University

J. Bennett

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Beckett

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

D. Baver

Astrodel LLC

B. Barrett

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Barnes

University of Oxford

O. Bachmann

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

J. Ashton

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A. Ash

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

L.C. Appel

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Y. Andrew

Imperial College London

H. Anand

General Atomics

S.Y. Allan

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

M. Aljunid

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

S. Ahmed

University of Tromsø – The Arctic University of Norway

A. Aboutaleb

Florida International University

J.R. Harrison

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Communications Physics

23993650 (eISSN)

Vol. 8 1 215

Implementation of activities described in the Roadmap to Fusion during Horizon Europe through a joint programme of the members of the EUROfusion consortium

European Commission (EC) (101052200), 2021-01-01 -- 2025-12-31.

Subject Categories (SSIF 2025)

Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics

DOI

10.1038/s42005-025-02121-1

More information

Latest update

6/4/2025 1