Inverse Design of Compact and Wideband Inverted Doherty Power Amplifiers Using Deep Learning

Preprint, 2026

This paper presents a deep learning-assisted methodology for the inverse synthesis of a compact, wideband inverted Doherty power amplifier (PA). Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs) are jointly employed to generate pixelated Doherty combiner networks that integrate load modulation, impedance matching, power combining, and phase compensation into a single structure. As a proof of concept, we design and fabricate a GaN HEMT Doherty PA with a pixelated output combiner. The prototype achieves a measured peak drain efficiency of 51%–63% and a 6-dB back-off efficiency of 48%–54% over 1.9–2.5 GHz. Within the same frequency range, the measured output power is 44±0.3 dBm. Furthermore, with digital predistortion (DPD) applied, the prototype circuit demonstrates an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) better than -53.2 dBc.