BIM from Design to Production: Prerequisites for a Model-Based Construction Framework with Total BIM

Paper in proceeding, 2026

This paper examines how model-based construction can be operationalized through the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM), Lean Construction, and Total Quality Management (TQM). Drawing on two case studies from Norway and Sweden, the research explores how structured frameworks such as the Model Maturity Index (MMI), Level of Information Need (LOIN), and Systematic Completion (SC) are used to align digital design with production. The study highlights how Total BIM shifts the model from a coordination tool to a legally binding deliverable and how this transition depends on clear information requirements, sequenced quality assurance, and early contractor involvement. This study uses two projects to develop the framework for enabling Model-based construction, a hospital project and an Office extension and renovation project. While the hospital case demonstrated effective alignment between model development and site execution, the office case revealed limitations under traditional procurement. Findings support the need for integrated process architectures and suggest that Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) can serve as a coordinating logic for combining digital tools, planning strategies, and quality systems into a coherent delivery framework.