Herschel observations of extreme OH/IR stars: The isotopic ratios of oxygen as a sign-post for the stellar mass
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2015
© ESO 2015. Aims. The late stages of stellar evolution are mainly governed by the mass of the stars. Low- and intermediate-mass stars lose copious amounts of mass during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) which obscure the central star making it difficult to study the stellar spectra and determine the stellar mass. In this study, we present observational data that can be used to determine lower limits to the stellar mass. Methods. Spectra of nine heavily reddened AGB stars taken by the Herschel Space Observatory display numerous molecular emission lines. The strongest emission lines are due to H
2
O. We search for the presence of isotopologues of H
2
O in these objects. Results. We detected the 16O and 17O isotopologues of water in these stars, but lines due to H
2
18O are absent. The lack of 18O is predicted by a scenario where the star has undergone hot-bottom burning which preferentially destroys 18O relative to 16O and 17O. From stellar evolution calculations, this process is thought to occur when the stellar mass is above 5 M
⊙
for solar metallicity. Hence, observations of different isotopologues of H
2
O can be used to help determine the lower limit to the initial stellar mass. Conclusions. From our observations, we deduce that these extreme OH/IR stars are intermediate-mass stars with masses of ≥5 M
⊙
. Their high mass-loss rates of ∼10-4M
⊙
yr-1 may affect the enrichment of the interstellar medium and the overall chemical evolution of our Galaxy.
Submillimeter: stars
Stars: mass-loss
Stars: evolution
Circumstellar matter
Stars: AGB and post-AGB
Författare
Kay Justtanont
Chalmers, Rymd- och geovetenskap, Radioastronomi och astrofysik
M. J. Barlow
University College London (UCL)
Jadl Blommaert
Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO)
Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)
L. Decin
KU Leuven
F. Kerschbaum
Universität Wien
M. Matsuura
Cardiff University
University College London (UCL)
Hans Olofsson
Chalmers, Rymd- och geovetenskap, Radioastronomi och astrofysik
P. Owen
University College London (UCL)
P. Royer
KU Leuven
B. Swinyard
STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
University College London (UCL)
D. Teyssier
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
Lbfm Waters
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
J. A. Yates
University College London (UCL)
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 578 A115Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/201526270