Seeds of Life in Space (SOLIS) VI. Chemical evolution of sulfuretted species along the outflows driven by the low-mass protostellar binary NGC1333-IRAS4A
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2020
Context. Low-mass protostars drive powerful molecular outflows that can be observed with millimetre and submillimetre telescopes. Various sulfuretted species are known to be bright in shocks and could be used to infer the physical and chemical conditions throughout the observed outflows. Aims. The evolution of sulfur chemistry is studied along the outflows driven by the NGC1333-IRAS4A protobinary system located in the Perseus cloud to constrain the physical and chemical processes at work in shocks.
Methods. We observed various transitions from OCS, CS, SO, and SO2 towards NGC1333-IRAS4A in the 1.3, 2, and 3mm bands using the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array and we interpreted the observations through the use of the Paris-Durham shock model.
Results. The targeted species clearly show different spatial emission along the two outflows driven by IRAS4A. OCS is brighter on small and large scales along the south outflow driven by IRAS4A1, whereas SO2 is detected rather along the outflow driven by IRAS4A2 that is extended along the north east-south west direction. SO is detected at extremely high radial velocity up to +25 km s 1 relative to the source velocity, clearly allowing us to distinguish the two outflows on small scales. Column density ratio maps estimated from a rotational diagram analysis allowed us to confirm a clear gradient of the OCS/SO2 column density ratio between the IRAS4A1 and IRAS4A2 outflows. Analysis assuming non Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium of four SO2 transitions towards several SiO emission peaks suggests that the observed gas should be associated with densities higher than 105 cm 3 and relatively warm (T > 100 K) temperatures in most cases.
Conclusions. The observed chemical differentiation between the two outflows of the IRAS4A system could be explained by a different chemical history. The outflow driven by IRAS4A1 is likely younger and more enriched in species initially formed in interstellar ices, such as OCS, and recently sputtered into the shock gas. In contrast, the longer and likely older outflow triggered by IRAS4A2 is more enriched in species that have a gas phase origin, such as SO2.
ISM: molecules
astrochemistry
stars: formation
ISM: individual objects: NGC1333-IRAS4A
ISM: jets and outflows
ISM: abundances
Författare
V Taquet
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
C. Codella
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Université Grenoble Alpes
M. De Simone
Université Grenoble Alpes
A. Lopez-Sepulcre
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Université Grenoble Alpes
J. E. Pineda
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
D. Segura-Cox
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
C. Ceccarelli
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Université Grenoble Alpes
P. Caselli
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
A. Gusdorf
Université Paris Descartes
Sorbonne Université
Magnus V. Persson
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
F. Alves
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
E. Caux
Université de Toulouse
C. Favre
Université Grenoble Alpes
F. Fontani
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
R. Neri
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Y. Oya
University of Tokyo
N. Sakai
RIKEN
C. Vastel
Université de Toulouse
S. Yamamoto
University of Tokyo
R. Bachiller
Observatorio de Yebes (IGN)
N. Balucani
Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie DCBB - UNIPG
Université Grenoble Alpes
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
E. Bianchi
Université Grenoble Alpes
L. Bizzocchi
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
A. Chacon-Tanarro
Observatorio de Yebes (IGN)
F. Dulieu
Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)
J. Enrique-Romero
Université Grenoble Alpes
S. Feng
Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Astronomical Observatory China
J. Holdship
University College London (UCL)
B. Lefloch
Université Grenoble Alpes
A. Jaber Al-Edhari
Université Grenoble Alpes
Al-Muthanna University
I Jimenez-Serra
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
C. Kahane
Université Grenoble Alpes
V Lattanzi
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
J. Ospina-Zamudio
Université Grenoble Alpes
L. Podio
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. Punanova
Ural Federal University
A. Rimola
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)
I. R. Sims
Université de Rennes 1
S. Spezzano
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
L. Testi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
P. Theule
Aix-Marseille Université
P. Ugliengo
Universita degli Studi di Torino
Vasyunin
Ural Federal University
Ventspils University of Applied Sciences
F. Vazart
Université Grenoble Alpes
S. Viti
University College London (UCL)
A. Witzel
Université Grenoble Alpes
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 637 A63Ämneskategorier
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
Geofysik
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/201937072