Precise mass and radius of a transiting super-Earth planet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1235: a planet in the radius gap?
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2020
We report the confirmation of a transiting planet around the bright weakly active M0.5 V star TOI-1235 (TYC 4384-1735-1, V ≈ 11.5 mag), whose transit signal was detected in the photometric time series of sectors 14, 20, and 21 of the TESS space mission. We confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal, which has a period of 3.44 d, by using precise RV measurements with the CARMENES, HARPS-N, and iSHELL spectrographs, supplemented by high-resolution imaging and ground-based photometry. A comparison of the properties derived for TOI-1235 b with theoretical models reveals that the planet has a rocky composition, with a bulk density slightly higher than that of Earth. In particular, we measure a mass of Mp = 5.9 ± 0.6 M⊕ and a radius of Rp = 1.69 ± 0.08 R⊕, which together result in a density of ρp = 6.7- 1.1+ 1.3 g cm-3. When compared with other well-characterized exoplanetary systems, the particular combination of planetary radius and mass places our discovery in the radius gap, which is a transition region between rocky planets and planets with significant atmospheric envelopes. A few examples of planets occupying the radius gap are known to date. While the exact location of the radius gap for M dwarfs is still a matter of debate, our results constrain it to be located at around 1.7 R⊕ or larger at the insolation levels received by TOI-1235 b (~60 S⊕). This makes it an extremely interesting object for further studies of planet formation and atmospheric evolution.
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
stars: late-type
techniques: photometric
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
stars: individual: TOI-1235
techniques: radial velocities
Författare
P. Bluhm
Universität Heidelberg
R. Luque
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
N. Espinoza
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
E. Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
J. A. Caballero
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
S. Dreizler
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
J. Livingston
University of Tokyo
S. Mathur
Universidad de la Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
A. Quirrenbach
Universität Heidelberg
S. Stock
Universität Heidelberg
V. Van Eylen
University College London (UCL)
G. Nowak
Universidad de la Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
E. D. Lopez
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Szilard Csizmadia
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
M. Zapatero-Osorio
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
P. Schöfer
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
J. Lillo-Box
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
M. Oshagh
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
E. González-Álvarez
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
P. J. Amado
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
D. Barrado
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
V. J. S. Bejar
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
B. Cale
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
P. Chaturvedi
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
C. Cifuentes
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
W. D. Cochran
The University of Texas at Austin
K. I. Collins
George Mason University
M. Cortés-Contreras
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
E. Díez Alonso
Universidad de Oviedo
M. El Mufti
University of Khartoum
George Mason University
A. Ercolino
Campo Catino Astronomical Observatory
Malcolm Fridlund
Universiteit Leiden
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
E. Gaidos
University of Hawaii
R. A. Garcia
Université Paris-Saclay
Iskra Georgieva
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
L. Gonzalez-Cuesta
Universidad de la Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
P. Guerra
Observatori Astronòmic Albanya
Artie P. Hatzes
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Th Henning
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
E. Herrero
Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE) - CSIC
D. Hidalgo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
G. Isopi
Campo Catino Astronomical Observatory
S. V. Jeffers
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
J. M. Jenkins
NASA Ames Research Center
E. L. N. Jensen
Swarthmore College
P. Kabath
Czech Academy of Sciences
A. Kaminski
Universität Heidelberg
J. Kemmer
Universität Heidelberg
Judith Korth
Universität zu Köln
D. Kossakowski
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
M. Kürster
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
M. Lafarga
Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE) - CSIC
F. Mallia
Campo Catino Astronomical Observatory
D. Montes
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
J. C. Morales
Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE) - CSIC
M. Morales-Calderon
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
F. Murgas
Universidad de la Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
N. Narita
University of Tokyo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
V. M. Passegger
Universität Hamburg
University of Oklahoma
S. Pedraz
CAHA - Centro Astronómico hispano Alemán, A.I.E.
Carina Persson
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
P. Plavchan
George Mason University
H. Rauer
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
Technische Universität Berlin
S. Redfield
Wesleyan University
S. Reffert
Universität Heidelberg
A. Reiners
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
I Ribas
Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE) - CSIC
G. Ricker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
C. Rodíguez-López
Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA)
A. R. G. Santos
Space Science Institute
S. Seager
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
M. Schlecker
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
A. Schweitzer
Universität Hamburg
Y. Shan
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
M. G. Soto
Queen Mary University of London
J. Subjak
Czech Academy of Sciences
L. Tal-Or
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Ariel University
T. Trifonov
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
S. Vanaverbeke
AstroLAB IRIS
KU Leuven
R. Vanderspek
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
J. Wittrock
George Mason University
M. Zechmeister
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
F. Zohrabi
Mississippi State University
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 639 A132Exoplaneter från rymden - CHEOPS och PLATO, ESA's nästa två missioner
Rymdstyrelsen (174/18), 2017-01-01 -- 2022-12-31.
Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Fundament
Grundläggande vetenskaper
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202038160