Suppressing Co-Crystallization of Halogenated Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Thermally Stable Ternary Solar Cells
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2020
While photovoltaic blends based on non-fullerene acceptors are touted for their thermal stability, this type of acceptor tends to crystallize, which can result in a gradual decrease in photovoltaic performance and affects the reproducibility of the devices. Two halogenated indacenodithienothiophene-based acceptors that readily co-crystallize upon mixing are studied, which indicates that the use of an acceptor mixture alone does not guarantee the formation of a disordered mixture. The addition of the donor polymer to the acceptor mixture readily suppresses the crystallization, which results in a fine-grained ternary blend with nanometer-sized domains that do not coarsen due to a high Tg ≈ 200 °C. As a result, annealing at temperatures of up to 170 °C does not markedly affect the photovoltaic performance of ternary devices, in contrast to binary devices that suffer from acceptor crystallization in the active layer. The results indicate that the ternary approach enables the use of high-temperature processing protocols, which are needed for upscaling and high-throughput fabrication of organic solar cells. Further, ternary devices display a stable photovoltaic performance at 130 °C for at least 205 h, which indicates that the use of acceptor mixtures allows to fabricate devices with excellent thermal stability.
non-fullerene acceptors
co-crystals
glass transition temperatures
ternary solar cells
suppressed crystallization
Författare
Sandra Hultmark
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Sri Harish Kumar Paleti
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Albert Harillo
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Sara Marina
Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Institute for Polymer Materials, San Sebastian
Ferry Nugroho
Chalmers, Fysik, Kemisk fysik
Yanfeng Liu
Linköpings universitet
L. K. E. Ericsson
Karlstads universitet
Ruipeng Li
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Jaime Martín
Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Institute for Polymer Materials, San Sebastian
J. Bergqvist
Linköpings universitet
Christoph Langhammer
Chalmers, Fysik, Kemisk fysik
Fengling Zhang
Linköpings universitet
Liyang Yu
Sichuan University
M. Campoy-Quiles
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Ellen Moons
Karlstads universitet
Derya Baran
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Christian Müller
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Advanced Functional Materials
1616-301X (ISSN) 16163028 (eISSN)
Vol. 30 48 2005462Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Keramteknik
Materialkemi
Annan fysik
DOI
10.1002/adfm.202005462