Overview of the TCV tokamak experimental programme
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2022
The tokamak a configuration variable (TCV) continues to leverage its unique shaping capabilities, flexible heating systems and modern control system to address critical issues in preparation for ITER and a fusion power plant. For the 2019-20 campaign its configurational flexibility has been enhanced with the installation of removable divertor gas baffles, its diagnostic capabilities with an extensive set of upgrades and its heating systems with new dual frequency gyrotrons. The gas baffles reduce coupling between the divertor and the main chamber and allow for detailed investigations on the role of fuelling in general and, together with upgraded boundary diagnostics, test divertor and edge models in particular. The increased heating capabilities broaden the operational regime to include T (e)/T (i) similar to 1 and have stimulated refocussing studies from L-mode to H-mode across a range of research topics. ITER baseline parameters were reached in type-I ELMy H-modes and alternative regimes with 'small' (or no) ELMs explored. Most prominently, negative triangularity was investigated in detail and confirmed as an attractive scenario with H-mode level core confinement but an L-mode edge. Emphasis was also placed on control, where an increased number of observers, actuators and control solutions became available and are now integrated into a generic control framework as will be needed in future devices. The quantity and quality of results of the 2019-20 TCV campaign are a testament to its successful integration within the European research effort alongside a vibrant domestic programme and international collaborations.
tokamak
TCV
nuclear fusion
EUROfusion
Författare
H. Reimerdes
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
M. Agostini
Consorzio Rfx
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
E. Alessi
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
S. Alberti
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Y. Andrebe
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
H. Arnichand
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. Balbin
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
F. Bagnato
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
M. Baquero-Ruiz
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
M. Bernert
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
W. Bin
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
P. Blanchard
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
T. C. Blanken
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
J. A. Boedo
University of California at San Diego (UCSD)
D. Brida
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
S. Brunner
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
C. Bogar
Czech Academy of Sciences
O. Bogar
Czech Academy of Sciences
T. Bolzonella
Consorzio Rfx
F. Bombarda
ENEA
F. Bouquey
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
C. Bowman
University of York
D. Brunetti
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
J. Buermans
Koninklijke Militaire Universiteit
H. Bufferand
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
L. Calacci
Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata
Y. Camenen
Aix-Marseille Université
S. Carli
KU Leuven
D. Carnevale
Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata
F. Carpanese
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
F. Causa
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
J. Cavalier
Czech Academy of Sciences
M. Cavedon
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
J. A. Cazabonne
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. Cerovsky
Czech Academy of Sciences
R. Chandra
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
A. Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
O. Chellai
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
P. Chmielewski
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
D. Choi
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
G. Ciraolo
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
I. G. J. Classen
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
S. Coda
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
C. Colandrea
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. Dal Molin
Universita' degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
P. David
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
M. R. de Baar
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
J. Decker
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
W. Dekeyser
KU Leuven
H. de Oliveira
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
D. Douai
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
M. Dreval
National Science Center Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology
M. G. Dunne
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
B. P. Duval
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
S. Elmore
Culham Science Centre
M. Faitsch
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
G. Falchetto
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
M. Farnik
Czech Academy of Sciences
A. Fasoli
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
N. Fedorczak
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
F. Felici
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
O. Fevrier
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
O. Ficker
Czech Academy of Sciences
A. Fil
University of York
Culham Science Centre
M. Fontana
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
L. Frassinetti
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH)
I Furno
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
D. S. Gahle
Culham Science Centre
University of Strathclyde
D. Galassi
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
K. Galazka
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
C. Galperti
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
S. Garavaglia
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
M. Garcia-Munoz
Universidad de Sevilla
B. Geiger
University of Wisconsin Madison
M. Giacomin
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
G. Giruzzi
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
M. Gobbin
Consorzio Rfx
T. Golfinopoulos
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
T. Goodman
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
S. Gorno
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
G. Granucci
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
J. P. Graves
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
M. Griener
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
M. Gruca
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
T. Gyergyek
Institut Jožef Stefan
R. Haelterman
Koninklijke Militaire Universiteit
A. Hakola
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)
W. Han
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
T. Happel
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
G. Harrer
Technische Universität Wien
J. R. Harrison
Culham Science Centre
S. Henderson
Culham Science Centre
G. M. D. Hogeweij
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
J-P Hogge
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. Horacek
Czech Academy of Sciences
Z. Huang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
A. Iantchenko
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
P. Innocente
Consorzio Rfx
C. Ionita-Schrittweiser
University of Innsbruck
H. Isliker
Aristotelio Panepistimio Thessalonikis
A. Jardin
Polish Academy of Sciences
R. J. E. Jaspers
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
R. Karimov
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. N. Karpushov
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Y. Kazakov
Koninklijke Militaire Universiteit
M. Komm
Czech Academy of Sciences
M. Kong
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Culham Science Centre
J. Kovacic
Institut Jožef Stefan
O. Krutkin
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
O. Kudlacek
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
U. Kumar
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
R. Kwiatkowski
Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych
B. Labit
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
L. Laguardia
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
J. T. Lammers
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
E. Laribi
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
E. Laszynska
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
A. Lazaros
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
O. Linder
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
B. Linehan
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
B. Lipschultz
University of York
X. Llobet
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. Loizu
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
T. Lunt
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
E. Macusova
Czech Academy of Sciences
Y. Marandet
Aix-Marseille Université
M. Maraschek
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
G. Marceca
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
C. Marchetto
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
S. Marchioni
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
E. S. Marmar
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Y. Martin
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
L. Martinelli
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
F. Matos
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
R. Maurizio
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
M-L Mayoral
Culham Science Centre
D. Mazon
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
V Menkovski
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
A. Merle
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
G. Merlo
The University of Texas at Austin
H. Meyer
Culham Science Centre
K. Mikszuta-Michalik
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
P. A. Molina Cabrera
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. Morales
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
J-M Moret
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. Moro
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
D. Moulton
Culham Science Centre
H. Muhammed
Culham Science Centre
O. Myatra
University of York
D. Mykytchuk
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
F. Napoli
ENEA
R. D. Nem
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
A. H. Nielsen
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
M. Nocente
Universita' degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
S. Nowak
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
N. Offeddu
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. Olsen
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
F. P. Orsitto
Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
O. Pan
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
G. Papp
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
A. Pau
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. Perek
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
F. Pesamosca
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Y. Peysson
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
L. Pigatto
Consorzio Rfx
C. Piron
Consorzio Rfx
M. Poradzinski
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
L. Porte
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
T. Putterich
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
M. Rabinski
Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych
H. Raj
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J. J. Rasmussen
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
G. A. Ratta
Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (Ciemat)
T. Ravensbergen
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
D. Ricci
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
P. Ricci
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
N. Rispoli
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
F. Riva
Culham Science Centre
J. F. Rivero-Rodriguez
Universidad de Sevilla
M. Salewski
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
O. Sauter
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
B. S. Schmidt
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
R. Schrittweiser
University of Innsbruck
S. Sharapov
Culham Science Centre
U. A. Sheikh
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
B. Sieglin
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
M. Silva
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. Smolders
KU Leuven
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. Snicker
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)
C. Sozzi
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP) - CNR
M. Spolaore
Consorzio Rfx
A. Stagni
Politecnico di Milano
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
L. Stipani
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
G. Sun
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
T. Tala
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)
P. Tamain
Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)
K. Tanaka
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
A. Tema Biwole
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
D. Terranova
Consorzio Rfx
J. L. Terry
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
D. Testa
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
C. Theiler
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A. Thornton
Culham Science Centre
A. Thrysoe
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
H. Torreblanca
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
C. K. Tsui
University of California at San Diego (UCSD)
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
D. Vaccaro
Universita degli Studi della Tuscia
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
M. Vallar
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
M. van Berkel
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
D. Van Eester
Koninklijke Militaire Universiteit
R. J. R. van Kampen
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
S. Van Mulders
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
K. Verhaegh
University of York
T. Verhaeghe
Koninklijke Militaire Universiteit
N. Vianello
Consorzio Rfx
F. Villone
Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
E. Viezzer
Universidad de Sevilla
B. Vincent
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
I Voitsekhovitch
Culham Science Centre
N. M. T. Vu
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
N. Walkden
Culham Science Centre
T. Wauters
Koninklijke Militaire Universiteit
H. Weisen
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
N. Wendler
Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IPPLM)
M. Wensing
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
F. Widmer
Aix-Marseille Université
S. Wiesen
Forschungszentrum Jülich
M. Wischmeier
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
T. A. Wijkamp
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)
D. Wunderlich
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
C. Wuthrich
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
V Yanovskiy
Czech Academy of Sciences
J. Zebrowski
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)
Ola Embréus
Chalmers, Fysik, Subatomär, högenergi- och plasmafysik
Frida Eriksson
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
Emil Fransson
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
Mathias Hoppe
Chalmers, Fysik, Subatomär, högenergi- och plasmafysik
Klara Insulander Björk
Chalmers, Fysik, Subatomär, högenergi- och plasmafysik
Nuclear Fusion
0029-5515 (ISSN) 1741-4326 (eISSN)
Vol. 62 4 042018Ämneskategorier
Rymd- och flygteknik
Energiteknik
Reglerteknik
DOI
10.1088/1741-4326/ac369b