Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023

AIM: The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD: Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS: MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.

Författare

Nikola Daskova

Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny

Univerzita Karlova

I. Modos

Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny

M. Krbcová

Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady

M. Kuzma

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Helena Pelantova

Chinese Academy of Sciences

J. Hradecký

Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze

Marie Heczkova

Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny

Miriam Bratova

Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny

Petra Videnska

Mendelova univerzita v Brne

Petra Splichalova

Masarykova Univerzita

M. Králová

AMBIS

Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny

Marina Henikova

Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady

J. Potočková

Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady

A. Ouřadová

Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady

Rikard Landberg

Chalmers, Life sciences, Livsmedelsvetenskap

T. Kühn

Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg

Queen's University Belfast

Monika Cahova

Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny

Jan Gojda

Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady

Nutrition and Diabetes

2044-4052 (eISSN)

Vol. 13 1 7-

Ämneskategorier

Endokrinologi och diabetes

Näringslära

DOI

10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5

PubMed

37085526

Mer information

Senast uppdaterat

2023-05-08