A variable active galactic nucleus at z = 2.06 triply-imaged by the galaxy cluster MACS J0035.4−2015
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023
We report the discovery of a triply imaged active galactic nucleus (AGN), lensed by the galaxy cluster MACS J0035.4−2015 (z d = 0.352). The object is detected in Hubble Space Telescope imaging taken for the RELICS program. It appears to have a quasi-stellar nucleus consistent with a point-source, with a de-magnified radius of re ≲ 100 pc. The object is spectroscopically confirmed to be an AGN at z spec = 2.063 ± 0.005 showing broad rest-frame UV emission lines, and detected in both X-ray observations with Chandra and in ALCS ALMA band 6 (1.2 mm) imaging. It has a relatively faint rest-frame UV luminosity for a quasar-like object, MUV, 1450 = −19.7 ± 0.2. The object adds to just a few quasars or other X-ray sources known to be multiply lensed by a galaxy cluster. Some diffuse emission from the host galaxy is faintly seen around the nucleus, and there is a faint object nearby sharing the same multiple-imaging symmetry and geometric redshift, possibly an interacting galaxy or a star-forming knot in the host. We present an accompanying lens model, calculate the magnifications and time delays, and infer the physical properties of the source. We find the rest-frame UV continuum and emission lines to be dominated by the AGN, and the optical emission to be dominated by the host galaxy of modest stellar mass M✶ ≃ 109.2 M⊙. We also observe some variation in the AGN emission with time, which may suggest that the AGN used to be more active. This object adds a low-redshift counterpart to several relatively faint AGN recently uncovered at high redshifts with HST and JWST.
gravitational lensing: strong
quasars
galaxies: clusters: individual: MACS J0035.4-2015
galaxies: nuclei
galaxies: Seyfert
cosmology: observations
Författare
Lukas J. Furtak
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Ramesh Mainali
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
University of Arizona
Catholic University of America
A. Zitrin
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Adèle Plat
University of Arizona
S. Fujimoto
The University of Texas at Austin
Megan Donahue
Michigan State University
Erica J. Nelson
University of Colorado at Boulder
F. E. Bauer
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica
Ryosuke Uematsu
Kyoto University
G. B. Caminha
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
F. Andrade-Santos
Berklee College of Music
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
L. Bradley
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
Karina I. Caputi
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Stephane Charlot
Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris
Jacopo Chevallard
University of Oxford
Dan Coe
Johns Hopkins University
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
Emma Curtis-Lake
University of Hertfordshire
D. Espada
Universidad de Granada
B. Frye
University of Arizona
Kirsten Knudsen
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
Anton M. Koekemoer
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
K. Kohno
Research Center for the Early Universe
University of Tokyo
V. Kokorev
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
N. Laporte
University of Cambridge
M. M. Lee
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Brian C. Lemaux
University of California
Gemini Observatory North
Georgios E. Magdis
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
Niels Bohr Institute
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Keren Sharon
University of Michigan
Daniel P. Stark
University of Arizona
Yuanyuan Su
University of Kentucky
Katherine A. Suess
University of California
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
Yoshihiro Ueda
Kyoto University
H. Umehata
Nagoya University
Alba Vidal-García
Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN)
John F. Wu
Johns Hopkins University
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
0035-8711 (ISSN) 1365-2966 (eISSN)
Vol. 522 4 5142-5151Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stad1321