Mass Transport in “Water-in-Polymer Salt” Electrolytes
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023

“Water-in-polymer salt” electrolytes (WiPSEs) based on potassium polyacrylate (PAAK) belong to a new family of “water-in-salt” electrolytes that is envisioned as a potential solution for large-scale supercapacitors to balance the electric grid at short time scales. The WiPSEs display a broad electrochemical stability window up to 3 V, yet they are nonflammable and provide high ionic conductivity (100 mS/cm) as required in high-power devices. However, the transport of matter in PAAK-based WiPSEs has not been studied. In this work, we have extensively characterized PAAK by spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy and NMR diffusometry to determine the state of water and elucidate the mechanism of ionic transport as well as its interplay with water and polymer chain dynamics, which reveals that a significant proportion of the transport in WiPSEs is attributed to hydrated cations. The results are further supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Finally, the potential of WiPSEs based on PAAK is demonstrated in an activated carbon-based supercapacitor operating up to 2 V with reasonable self-discharge. This proof of concept shows promise for low-cost and large-scale supercapacitors.

Författare

Ziyauddin Khan

Linköpings universitet

Anna Martinelli

Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi

Leandro R. Franco

Karlstads universitet

Divyaratan Kumar

Linköpings universitet

Alexander Idström

Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi

Lars Evenäs

Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi

C. Moyses Araujo

Uppsala universitet

Karlstads universitet

X. Crispin

Linköpings universitet

Chemistry of Materials

0897-4756 (ISSN) 1520-5002 (eISSN)

Vol. 35 16 6382-6395

Ämneskategorier

Kemi

DOI

10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01089

Mer information

Senast uppdaterat

2024-03-07