Search for Galactic Core-collapse Supernovae in a Decade of Data Taken with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2024

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has been continuously taking data to search for O(0.5–10) s long neutrino bursts since 2007. Even if a Galactic core-collapse supernova is optically obscured or collapses to a black hole instead of exploding, it will be detectable via the O(10) MeV neutrino burst emitted during the collapse. We discuss a search for such events covering the time between 2008 April 17 and 2019 December 31. Considering the average data taking and analysis uptime of 91.7% after all selection cuts, this is equivalent to 10.735 yr of continuous data taking. In order to test the most conservative neutrino production scenario, the selection cuts were optimized for a model based on an 8.8 solar mass progenitor collapsing to an O–Ne–Mg core. Conservative assumptions on the effects of neutrino oscillations in the exploding star were made. The final selection cut was set to ensure that the probability to detect such a supernova within the Milky Way exceeds 99%. No such neutrino burst was found in the data after performing a blind analysis. Hence, a 90% C.L. upper limit on the rate of core-collapse supernovae out to distances of ≈25 kpc was determined to be 0.23 yr−1. For the more distant Magellanic Clouds, only high neutrino luminosity supernovae will be detectable by IceCube, unless external information on the burst time is available. We determined a model-independent limit by parameterizing the dependence on the neutrino luminosity and the energy spectrum.

Core-collapse supernovae (304)

Supernova neutrinos (1666)

Neutrino telescopes (1105)

Författare

R. Abbasi

Loyola University of Chicago

M. Ackermann

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

J. Adams

University of Canterbury

S. K. Agarwalla

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J. A. Aguilar

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

M. Ahlers

Niels Bohr Institute

J. M. Alameddine

Technische Universität Dortmund

N.M. Amin

University of Delaware

K. Andeen

Marquette University

G. Anton

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

C. Argüelles

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Y. Ashida

University of Utah

S. Athanasiadou

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

S. N. Axani

University of Delaware

X. Bai

South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

A. V. Balagopal

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Baricevic

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S.W. Barwick

University of California at Irvine (UCI)

V. Basu

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

R. Bay

University of California

J.J. Beatty

Ohio State University

J. Beise

Uppsala universitet

C. Bellenghi

Technische Universität München

C. Benning

RWTH Aachen University

S. Benzvi

University of Rochester

D. Berley

University of Maryland

E. Bernardini

Università di Padova

D.Z. Besson

University of Kansas

G. Binder

University of California

Julia Tjus

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik

E. Blaufuss

University of Maryland

S. Blot

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

F. Bontempo

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

J. Y. Book

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

C. Boscolo Meneguolo

Università di Padova

S. Böser

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

O. Botner

Uppsala universitet

J. Böttcher

RWTH Aachen University

E. Bourbeau

Niels Bohr Institute

J. Braun

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

B. Brinson

Georgia Institute of Technology

J. Brostean-Kaiser

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

R. T. Burley

University of Adelaide

R.S. Busse

Universität Münster

D. Butterfield

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M.A. Campana

Drexel University

K. Carloni

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

E. G. Carnie-Bronca

University of Adelaide

S. Chattopadhyay

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

N. Chau

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

C. Chen

Georgia Institute of Technology

C. Chen

Stony Brook University

D. Chirkin

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S. Choi

Sungkyunkwan University

B.A. Clark

University of Maryland

L. Classen

Universität Münster

A. Coleman

Uppsala universitet

G.H. Collin

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A. Connolly

Ohio State University

J. M. Conrad

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

P. Coppin

Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)

P. Correa

Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)

S. Countryman

Columbia University

D. F. Cowen

Pennsylvania State University

P. Dave

Georgia Institute of Technology

C. De Clercq

Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)

J.J. Delaunay

University of Alabama

D. Delgado

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

S. Deng

RWTH Aachen University

K. Deoskar

Oskar Klein Centre

A. Desai

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

P. Desiati

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K. D. De Vries

Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)

G. De Wasseige

Universite catholique de Louvain

T. DeYoung

Michigan State University

A. Diaz

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

J. C. Díaz-Vélez

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Dittmer

Universität Münster

A. Domi

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

H. Dujmovic

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. A. Duvernois

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

T. Ehrhardt

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

P. Eller

Technische Universität München

E. Ellinger

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

S. El Mentawi

RWTH Aachen University

D. Elsaesser

Technische Universität Dortmund

R. Engel

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

H. Erpenbeck

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J. Evans

University of Maryland

P.A. Evenson

University of Delaware

K.L. Fan

University of Maryland

K. Fang

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K. Farrag

Chiba University

A. R. Fazely

Southern University and A&M College

A. Fedynitch

Academia Sinica

N. Feigl

Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

S. Fiedlschuster

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

C. Finley

Oskar Klein Centre

L. Fischer

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

D. Fox

Pennsylvania State University

A. Franckowiak

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

A. Fritz

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

P. Fürst

RWTH Aachen University

J. S. Gallagher III

University of Wisconsin Madison

E. Ganster

RWTH Aachen University

A. Garcia

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

L. Gerhardt

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

A. Ghadimi

University of Alabama

C. Glaser

Uppsala universitet

T. Glauch

Technische Universität München

T. Glüsenkamp

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

N. Goehlke

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

J.G. Gonzalez

University of Delaware

S. Goswami

University of Alabama

D. Grant

Michigan State University

S.J. Gray

University of Maryland

O. Gries

RWTH Aachen University

S. Griffin

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S. Griswold

University of Rochester

K.M. Groth

Niels Bohr Institute

C. Günther

RWTH Aachen University

P. Gutjahr

Technische Universität Dortmund

C. Haack

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

A. Hallgren

Uppsala universitet

R. Halliday

Michigan State University

L. Halve

RWTH Aachen University

F. Halzen

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

H. Hamdaoui

Stony Brook University

M. Ha Minh

Technische Universität München

K. Hanson

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J. Hardin

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A.A. Harnisch

Michigan State University

P. Hatch

Queen's University

A. Haungs

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

K. Helbing

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

J. Hellrung

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

F. Henningsen

Technische Universität München

L. Heuermann

RWTH Aachen University

N. Heyer

Uppsala universitet

S. Hickford

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

A. Hidvegi

Oskar Klein Centre

C. Hill

Chiba University

C. Hill

University of Adelaide

K.D. Hoffman

University of Maryland

S. Hori

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K. Hoshina

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

W. Hou

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

T. Huber

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

K. Hultqvist

Oskar Klein Centre

M. Hünnefeld

Technische Universität Dortmund

R. Hussain

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K. Hymon

Technische Universität Dortmund

S. In

Sungkyunkwan University

A. Ishihara

Chiba University

M. Jacquart

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

O. Janik

RWTH Aachen University

M. Jansson

Oskar Klein Centre

G.S. Japaridze

Clark Atlanta University

M. Jeong

Sungkyunkwan University

M. Jin

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

B. J. P. Jones

University of Texas at Arlington

W. Kang

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

W. Kang

Sungkyunkwan University

W. Kang

Drexel University

A. Kappes

Universität Münster

D. Kappesser

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

L. Kardum

Technische Universität Dortmund

T. Karg

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Karl

Technische Universität München

A. Karle

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

U. Katz

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

M. Kauer

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J.L. Kelley

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

A. Khatee Zathul

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

A. Kheirandish

University of Nevada, Las Vegas

S.R. Klein

University of California

J. Kiryluk

Stony Brook University

A. Kochocki

Michigan State University

R. Koirala

University of Delaware

H. Kolanoski

Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

T. Kontrimas

Technische Universität München

L. Köpke

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

C. Kopper

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

D.J. Koskinen

Niels Bohr Institute

P. Koundal

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

M. Kovacevich

Drexel University

M. Kowalski

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

T. Kozynets

Niels Bohr Institute

J. Krishnamoorthi

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K. Kruiswijk

Universite catholique de Louvain

E. Krupczak

Michigan State University

A. Kumar

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

E. Kun

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

N. Kurahashi

Drexel University

N. Lad

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

C. Lagunas Gualda

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Lamoureux

Universite catholique de Louvain

M.J. Larson

University of Maryland

S. Latseva

RWTH Aachen University

F. Lauber

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

J.P. Lazar

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J.W. Lee

Sungkyunkwan University

K. Leonard DeHolton

Eberly College of Science

A. Leszczyńska

University of Delaware

M. Lincetto

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

Q.R. Liu

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Liubarska

University of Alberta

E. Lohfink

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

C. Love

Drexel University

C.J. Lozano Mariscal

Universität Münster

L. Lu

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

F. Lucarelli

Université de Genève

W. Luszczak

Ohio State University

Y. Lyu

University of California

J. Madsen

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K.B.M. Mahn

Michigan State University

Y. Makino

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

E. Manao

Technische Universität München

S. Mancina

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

W. Marie Sainte

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

I.C. Mariş

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

S. Marka

Columbia University

Z. Marka

Columbia University

M. Marsee

University of Alabama

I. Martinez-Soler

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

R. Maruyama

Yale University

F. Mayhew

Michigan State University

T. McElroy

University of Alberta

F. McNally

Mercer University

J.V. Mead

Niels Bohr Institute

K. Meagher

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S. Mechbal

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

A. Medina

Ohio State University

M. Meier

Chiba University

Y. Merckx

Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)

L. Merten

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

J. Micallef

Michigan State University

J. Mitchell

Southern University and A&M College

T. Montaruli

Université de Genève

R. W. Moore

University of Alberta

Y. Morii

Chiba University

R. Morse

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Moulai

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

T. Mukherjee

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

R. Naab

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

R. Nagai

Chiba University

M. Nakos

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

U. Naumann

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

J. Necker

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

A. Negi

University of Texas at Arlington

M. Neumann

Universität Münster

H. Niederhausen

Michigan State University

M.U. Nisa

Michigan State University

A. Noell

RWTH Aachen University

A. Novikov

University of Delaware

S.C. Nowicki

Michigan State University

A. Obertacke Pollmann

Chiba University

V. O’Dell

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Oehler

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

B. Oeyen

Universiteit Gent

A. Olivas

University of Maryland

R. Orsoe

Technische Universität München

J. Osborn

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

E. O'Sullivan

Uppsala universitet

H. Pandya

University of Delaware

N. Park

Queen's University

G.K. Parker

University of Texas at Arlington

E.N. Paudel

University of Delaware

L. Paul

Marquette University

C. Pérez de los Heros

Uppsala universitet

J. Peterson

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S. Philippen

RWTH Aachen University

A. Pizzuto

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Plum

South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

A. Pontén

Uppsala universitet

Y. Popovych

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

M. Prado Rodriguez

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

B. Pries

Michigan State University

R. Procter-Murphy

University of Maryland

G.T. Przybylski

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

C. Raab

Universite catholique de Louvain

J. Rack-Helleis

Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz

K. Rawlins

University of Alaska Anchorage

Z. Rechav

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

A. Rehman

University of Delaware

P. Reichherzer

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

G. Renzi

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

E. Resconi

Technische Universität München

S. Reusch

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

W. Rhode

Technische Universität Dortmund

B. Riedel

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

A. Rifaie

RWTH Aachen University

E.J. Roberts

University of Adelaide

S. Robertson

University of California

S. Rodan

Sungkyunkwan University

G. Roellinghoff

Sungkyunkwan University

M. Rongen

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

C. Rott

University of Utah

T. Ruhe

Technische Universität Dortmund

L. Ruohan

Technische Universität München

D. Ryckbosch

Universiteit Gent

I. Safa

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J. Saffer

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

D. Salazar-Gallegos

Michigan State University

P. Sampathkumar

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

S.E. Sanchez Herrera

Michigan State University

A. Sandrock

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

M. Santander

University of Alabama

S. Sarkar

University of Alberta

S. Sarkar

University of Oxford

J. Savelberg

RWTH Aachen University

P. Savina

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Schaufel

RWTH Aachen University

H. Schieler

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

S. Schindler

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

L. Schlickmann

RWTH Aachen University

B. Schlüter

Universität Münster

F. Schlüter

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

N. Schmeisser

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

T. Schmidt

University of Maryland

J. Schneider

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

F.G. Schröder

University of Delaware

L. Schumacher

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

G. Schwefer

RWTH Aachen University

S. Sclafani

University of Maryland

D. Seckel

University of Delaware

M. Seikh

University of Kansas

S. Seunarine

University of Wisconsin

R. Shah

Drexel University

A. Sharma

Uppsala universitet

S. Shefali

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

N. Shimizu

Chiba University

M. Silva

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

B. Skrzypek

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

B. Smithers

University of Texas at Arlington

R. Snihur

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J. Soedingrekso

Technische Universität Dortmund

A. Søgaard

Niels Bohr Institute

D. Soldin

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

P. Soldin

RWTH Aachen University

G. Sommani

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

C. Spannfellner

Technische Universität München

G.M. Spiczak

University of Wisconsin

C. Spiering

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Stamatikos

Ohio State University

T. Stanev

University of Delaware

T. Stezelberger

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

T. Stürwald

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

T. Stuttard

Niels Bohr Institute

G.W. Sullivan

University of Maryland

I. Taboada

Georgia Institute of Technology

S. Ter-Antonyan

Southern University and A&M College

M. Thiesmeyer

RWTH Aachen University

W.G. Thompson

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

J. Thwaites

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S. Tilav

University of Delaware

K. Tollefson

Michigan State University

C. Tönnis

Sungkyunkwan University

S. Toscano

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

D. Tosi

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

A. Trettin

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

C.F. Tung

Georgia Institute of Technology

R. Turcotte

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

J.P. Twagirayezu

Michigan State University

B. Ty

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M.A. Unland Elorrieta

Universität Münster

A.K. Upadhyay

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

K. Upshaw

Southern University and A&M College

N. Valtonen-Mattila

Uppsala universitet

J. Vandenbroucke

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

N. Van Eijndhoven

Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)

D. Vannerom

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

J. Van Santen

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

J. Vara

Universität Münster

J. Veitch-Michaelis

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

M. Venugopal

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

M. Vereecken

Universite catholique de Louvain

S. Verpoest

University of Delaware

D. Veske

Columbia University

A. Vijai

University of Maryland

C. Walck

Oskar Klein Centre

C. Weaver

Michigan State University

P. Weigel

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A. Weindl

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

J. Weldert

Eberly College of Science

C. Wendt

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

J. Werthebach

Technische Universität Dortmund

M. Weyrauch

Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Nathan Whitehorn

Michigan State University

C.H. Wiebusch

RWTH Aachen University

N. Willey

Michigan State University

D.R. Williams

University of Alabama

A. Wolf

RWTH Aachen University

M. Wolf

Technische Universität München

G. Wrede

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)

X.W. Xu

Southern University and A&M College

J.P. Yanez

University of Alberta

E. Yildizci

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

S. Yoshida

Chiba University

R. Young

University of Kansas

F. Yu

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

S. Yu

Michigan State University

T. Yuan

Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center

Z. Zhang

Stony Brook University

P. Zhelnin

Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Astrophysical Journal

0004-637X (ISSN) 1538-4357 (eISSN)

Vol. 961 1 84

Ämneskategorier

Fysik

DOI

10.3847/1538-4357/ad07d1

Mer information

Senast uppdaterat

2024-02-21