Preventing Benzoquinone-Based Catalyst Aggregation Enables the One-Step Synthesis of Highly Conductive Poly(benzodifurandione) without Post-Reaction Purification
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2025
Conductive polymers have become crucial in advancing various electronic applications. While p-type materials like poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are widely used and produced at scale, the development of high-performance n-type polymers has lagged due to challenges in synthesis and scalability. In this work, a novel method is introduced to synthesize the highly conductive n-type polymer poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO) using alpha-tocopherylquinone (alpha-TQ) as a catalyst. This approach eliminates the need for post-reaction dialysis, a major obstacle to large-scale PBFDO production. By preventing catalyst aggregation, high electrical conductivity (>1320 S cm(-1)) is achieved, which remains stable in air for over 180 d, significantly simplifying the process. The alpha-TQ-synthesized PBFDO also exhibits excellent thermoelectric properties, with a power factor exceeding 100 mu W m(-1) K-2, placing it among the highest-performing n-type thermoelectric polymers. Additionally, residual alpha-TQ acts as a plasticizer, reducing the elastic modulus by over tenfold while maintaining high conductivity, making this material suitable for mechanically compliant electronics. Similarly, residual alpha-TQ lowers the thermal conductivity of PBFDO by more than an order of magnitude. The process is scalable, as demonstrated by producing high-conductivity ink in a 20 L reactor. This work presents an efficient and sustainable approach for large-scale n-type polymer production.
catalyst aggregation
n-type conductive polymers
thermoelectric properties
scalable synthesis
PBFDO
Författare
Jun-Da Huang
Linköpings universitet
Qifan Li
Linköpings universitet
Qingqing Wang
n-Ink
Tiefeng Liu
Linköpings universitet
Sang Young Jeong
Korea University
Sri Harish Kumar Paleti
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Tom P. A. van der Pol
Linköpings universitet
Kai Xu
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Han-Yan Wu
Linköpings universitet
Natalie Pinchin
n-Ink
Marc-Antoine Stoeckel
Linköpings universitet
n-Ink
Wenlong Jin
Linköpings universitet
Aleksandr Perevedentsev
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Xianjie Liu
Linköpings universitet
Juan Sebastian Reparaz
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Mariano Campoy-Quiles
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Han Young Woo
Korea University
Christian Müller
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Mats Fahlman
Linköpings universitet
Chi-Yuan Yang
n-Ink
Linköpings universitet
Simone Fabiano
n-Ink
Linköpings universitet
Advanced Materials
0935-9648 (ISSN) 15214095 (eISSN)
Vol. In PressHybrid and Organic Thermoelectric Systems (HORATES)
Europeiska kommissionen (EU) (EC/H2020/955837), 2021-03-01 -- 2025-02-28.
Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2025)
Materialkemi
Polymerkemi
Annan kemiteknik
DOI
10.1002/adma.202502426
PubMed
40099625