First polarization study of the M87 jet and active galactic nuclei at submillimeter wavelengths with ALMA
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2025
Aims. We investigated the polarization and Faraday properties of Messier 87 (M87) and seven other radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at _0.87mm (345 GHz) using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Our goal was to characterize the linear polarization (LP) fractions, measure Faraday rotation measures (RMs), and examine the magnetic field structures in the emission regions of these AGNs. Methods. We conducted full-polarization observations as part of the ALMA Band 7 very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) commissioning during the April 2021 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) campaign. We analyzed the LP fractions and RMs to assess the nature of Faraday screens and magnetic fields in the submillimeter emission regions. Results. We find LP fractions between 1% and 17% and RMs exceeding 105 radm-2, which are 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than typically observed at longer wavelengths (λ > 3 mm). This suggests denser Faraday screens or stronger magnetic fields. Additionally, we present the first submillimeter polarized images of the M87 jet and the observed AGNs, revealing RM gradients and sign reversals in the M87 jet indicative of a kiloparsec-scale helical magnetic field structure. Conclusions. Our results provide essential constraints for calibrating, analyzing, and interpreting VLBI data from the EHT at 345 GHz, representing a critical step toward submillimeter VLBI imaging.
Black hole physics
Polarization
Instrumentation: interferometers
Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
Magnetic fields
Instrumentation: polarimeters
Författare
C. Goddi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Universita degli Studi di Cagliari
Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP)
Douglas Ferreira Carlos
Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP)
G. Crew
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Lynn D. Matthews
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
H. Messias
Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA)
A. Mus
Istituto di Radioastronomia
Universita degli Studi di Cagliari
Ivan Marti-Vidal
Universitat de Valencia
E. Albentosa-Ruiz
Universitat de Valencia
Mariafelicia De Laurentis
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Elisabetta Liuzzo
Istituto di Radioastronomia
Nicola Marchili
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Istituto di Radioastronomia
Kazi L.J. Rygl
Istituto di Radioastronomia
Kazunori Akiyama
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Harvard University
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Antxon Alberdi
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Walter Alef
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Juan Carlos Algaba
University of Malaya
Richard Anantua
Rice University
University of Texas
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard University
K. Asada
Academia Sinica
R. Azulay
Universitat de Valencia
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
U. Bach
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Anne-Kathrin Baczko
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
David Ball
University of Arizona
Mislav Balokoviä
Yale University
Bidisha Bandyopadhyay
Universidad de Concepción
John Barrett
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
M. Bauböck
Grainger College of Engineering
Bradford A. Benson
University of Chicago
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Dan Bintley
East Asian Observatory
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
Lindy Blackburn
Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
R. Blundell
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
K. L. Bouman
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
G. C. Bower
Academia Sinica
University of Hawaii
M. Bremer
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Roger Brissenden
Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Silke Britzen
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Avery E. Broderick
University of Waterloo
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
D. Broguière
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Thomas Bronzwaer
Radboud Universiteit
Sandra Bustamente
University of Massachusetts
J. E. Carlstrom
University of Chicago
The Enrico Fermi Institute
A. Chael
Princeton University
Chi Kwan Chan
University of Arizona
Dominic O. Chang
Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Koushik Chatterjee
Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
S. Chatterjee
Cornell University
Ming Tang Chen
Academia Sinica
Yongjun Chen
Chinese Academy of Sciences
X. P. Cheng
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
I. Cho
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Yonsei University
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
Pierre Christian
WattTime
Nicholas S. Conroy
University of Illinois
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
John Conway
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Onsala rymdobservatorium
Thomas M. Crawford
University of Chicago
Alejandro Cruz-Osorio
Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Yuzhu Cui
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Zhejiang Lab
Brandon Curd
University of Texas
Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Rohan Dahale
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Jordy Davelaar
Princeton University
R. P. Deane
Universiteit van Pretoria
Rhodes University
University of Witwatersrand
Jessica Dempsey
Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)
East Asian Observatory
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
Gregory Desvignes
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Observatoire de Paris
Jason Dexter
JILA
Vedant Dhruv
Grainger College of Engineering
Indu K. Dihingia
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
S. Doeleman
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard University
Sergio A. Dzib
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Ralph P. Eatough
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Razieh Emami
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
H.D. Falcke
Radboud Universiteit
Joseph R. Farah
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
University of California
V. Fish
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
E. Fomalont
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Marianna Foschi
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
R. Fraga-Encinas
Radboud Universiteit
William T. Freeman
Google Inc.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
P. Friberg
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
East Asian Observatory
Christian M. Fromm
Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main
Antonio Fuentes
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Peter Galison
Harvard University
Charles F. Gammie
Grainger College of Engineering
University of Illinois
Roberto Garcia
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Olivier Gentaz
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Boris Georgiev
University of Arizona
R. Gold
Universität Heidelberg
Syddansk Universitet
Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrońica
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia Mexico
J. L. Gomez
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Minfeng Gu
Chinese Academy of Sciences
M. Gurwell
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
K. Hada
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
University of Tokyo
Daryl Haggard
McGill University
R. Hesper
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Dirk Heumann
University of Arizona
Luis C. Ho
Beijing University of Technology
P. T. P. Ho
Academia Sinica
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
East Asian Observatory
Mareki Honma
University of Tokyo
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
Chih Wei L. Huang
Academia Sinica
Lei Huang
Chinese Academy of Sciences
D. Hughes
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrońica
Shiro Ikeda
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
University of Tokyo
The Institute of Statistical Mathematics
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 699 A265Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2025)
Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Meteorologi och atmosfärsvetenskap
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202554140