Evaluation of the performance of different atmospheric chemical transport models and inter-comparison of nitrogen and sulphur deposition estimates for the UK
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2015
An evaluation has been made of a number of contrasting atmospheric chemical transport models, of varying complexity, applied to estimate sulphur and nitrogen deposition in the UK. The models were evaluated by comparison with annually averaged measurements of gas, aerosol and precipitation concentrations from the national monitoring networks. The models were evaluated in relation to performance criteria. They were generally able to satisfy a criterion of 'fitness for purpose' that at least 50% of modelled concentrations should be within a factor of two of measured values. The second criterion, that the magnitude of the normalised mean bias should be less than 20%, was not always satisfied. Considering known uncertainties in measurement techniques, this criterion may be too strict. Overall, simpler models were able to give a good representation of measured gas concentrations whilst the use of dynamic meteorology, and complex photo-chemical reactions resulted complex models. The models were compared graphically by plotting maps and cross-country transects of wet and dry deposition as well as calculating budgets of total wet and dry deposition to the UK for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen. The total deposition to the UK varied by 22-36% amongst the different models depending on the deposition component. At a local scale estimates of both dry and wet deposition for individual 5 km x 5 km model grid squares were found to vary between the different models by up to a factor of 4.
Atmospheric chemical
Inter-comparison
Eutrophication
Acid deposition
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Författare
A. J. Dore
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
D.C. Carslaw
King's College London
C. F. Braban
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
M. Cain
University of Cambridge
Food and Rural Affairs
C. Chemel
University of Hertfordshire
C. Conolly
Ricardo UK
R. Derwent
Rdscientific
S.J. Griffiths
Eon SE
J. Hall
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
G. D. Hayman
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
S. Lawrence
Food and Rural Affairs
S.E. Metcalfe
University of Nottingham
A.L. Redington
Met Office
David Simpson
Chalmers, Rymd- och geovetenskap, Global miljömätteknik och modellering
M. A. Sutton
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
P.A. Sutton
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
Y. S. Tang
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
M. Vieno
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology
W.M. Davey
Uniwersytet Wrocławski
J.D. Whyatt
Lancaster University
Atmospheric Environment
1352-2310 (ISSN)
Vol. 119 131-143Ämneskategorier
Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning
DOI
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.008