Pushing the boundaries of single molecule microscopy, optical sensing and mass spectrometry through deep learning

Doktorsavhandling, 2024

This PhD thesis focuses on how artificial intelligence (AI) is being used to help scientists study molecules and chemical reactions in a new and more powerful way. Scientists use tools like microscopes and sensors to look at tiny molecules, but these tools have limitations, especially when dealing with very small molecules or when there is a lot of noise, making it hard to get clear results. This research introduces AI to overcome these challenges by recognizing patterns that human eyes or traditional tools might miss.

One key breakthrough in this work is improving a special type of microscope, called Nanofluidic Scattering Microscopy (NSM), which lets scientists observe molecules like insulin without having to add any labels or dyes. This allows the study of molecules in their natural state, making the results more accurate. The AI also makes it possible to detect these tiny molecules in real-time, even when they are hard to see with traditional methods.

AI is also being used to make hydrogen sensors more precise. These sensors are important for the safe use of hydrogen as a clean energy source. By using AI, the sensors can detect hydrogen more accurately, which is crucial for safety in industries using hydrogen fuel.

Overall, this thesis shows how AI is helping scientists push the limits of what we can see and measure in the world of tiny molecules. This technology can have big impacts on healthcare, energy, and the environment by making it easier to study and understand the small details that matter.