Double doping of conjugated polymers with monomer molecular dopants
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2019
Molecular doping is a crucial tool for controlling the charge-carrier concentration in organic semiconductors. Each dopant molecule is commonly thought to give rise to only one polaron, leading to a maximum of one donor:acceptor charge-transfer complex and hence an ionization efficiency of 100%. However, this theoretical limit is rarely achieved because of incomplete charge transfer and the presence of unreacted dopant. Here, we establish that common p-dopants can in fact accept two electrons per molecule from conjugated polymers with a low ionization energy. Each dopant molecule participates in two charge-transfer events, leading to the formation of dopant dianions and an ionization efficiency of up to 200%. Furthermore, we show that the resulting integer charge-transfer complex can dissociate with an efficiency of up to 170%. The concept of double doping introduced here may allow the dopant fraction required to optimize charge conduction to be halved.
organic electronics
organic semiconductor
molecular doping
double doping
doping efficiency
Författare
David Kiefer
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Renee Kroon
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Anna Hofmann
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Hengda Sun
Linköpings universitet
Xianjie Liu
Linköpings universitet
Alexander Giovannitti
Imperial College London
Dominik Stegerer
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Technische Universität Chemnitz
Alexander Cano
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Jonna Hynynen
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Liyang Yu
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Yadong Zhang
Georgia Institute of Technology
Dingqi Nai
University of California at Davis
Thomas F. Harrelson
University of California at Davis
Michael Sommer
Technische Universität Chemnitz
Adam J. Moulé
University of California at Davis
Martijn Kemerink
Linköpings universitet
Seth Marder
Georgia Institute of Technology
Iain McCulloch
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Imperial College London
Mats Fahlman
Linköpings universitet
Simone Fabiano
Linköpings universitet
Christian Müller
Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Tillämpad kemi
Nature Materials
1476-1122 (ISSN) 1476-4660 (eISSN)
Vol. 18 2 149-155Styrkeområden
Energi
Materialvetenskap
Ämneskategorier
Textil-, gummi- och polymermaterial
Materialkemi
Den kondenserade materiens fysik
DOI
10.1038/s41563-018-0263-6
PubMed
30643236