Drivers' usage of driving automation systems in different contexts: A survey in China, Germany, Spain and the US.

Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023

The purpose of the study was to investigate how drivers use assisted and automated driving systems (DAS), more specifically their usage of SAE Level 1 and Level 2 systems, in differ- ent situations. An online survey was distributed to 2500 respondents in China, Germany, Spain, and the USA. The final dataset consisted of 549 respondents, all non-professional drivers, with access to a minimum of a Level 1 system. A subset, 159 in total, had access also to a Level 2 DAS. The survey included questions on the attitude towards, access to, and usage of Level 1 and Level 2 systems in nine different situations respectively. The data was analysed on an individual and a national level. A cluster analysis showed two main groups: frequent and non-frequent users. On an individual level, the reported usage of Level 1 and Level 2 DAS respectively differed depending on traffic situation, weather and daylight con- ditions and driver state. Reports by respondents with access to both Level 1 and Level 2 systems did not reveal any statistically significant differences in usage between situations. The Spanish sample was the only one that showed a consistently different usage pattern compared to samples from China, Germany, and the USA